This study attempts to arrive at the vital factors affecting social entrepreneurial intentions and establish a model with the help of the Pareto principle. In the first stage, a thorough literature review on the factors affecting social entrepreneurial intentions was conducted which revealed a number of variables that influence or are responsible for the formation of social entrepreneurial intentions. In the second stage, a quality tool "Pareto analysis" was used to identify and propose "vital few" factors, by applying the 80:20 rule. Lastly, the study proposes a comprehensive model of social entrepreneurial intention formation. (a) The results of this study will be helpful in further research on the subject by providing a ready literature review on the subject, (b) the model can be used by fellow researchers in related research works, and (c) the resulting appropriate factors may be inculcated in curriculum of academic programs, experiential learnings, and trainings related to social entrepreneurship.

Purpose – Information security is a growing concern in society, across businesses and government. As the offshore IT services market continues to grow providing numerous benefits, there are also perceived risks with respect to the quality of information security delivered in the supply chain. This paper aims to examine, as a case, the perceptions of Indian software services provider (service provider) employees with respect to information security governance and its impact on information security service quality that is delivered to customers. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a framework built upon the existing dimensions and instruments for total quality management and service quality, suitably modified to reflect the context of information security. SmartPLS, a structural equation modelling technique, has been used to analyse field survey data collected from across various Indian cities and companies. Findings – Significant finding is that information security governance in an IT outsourcing company providing software services has a highly significant impact on the information security service quality, which can be predicted. The paper also establishes that there is a positive relationship collectively between elements of information security governance and information security service quality. Research limitations/implications – Since data used in this study were taken solely from the responses of employees of outsourced service companies in India, it does not show if this translates into service improvements as perceived by the customer. Practical implications – Information security governance should be made an integral part of corporate governance and is an effective strategic technique, if software outsourcing business enterprises want to achieve a competitive edge, provide client satisfaction and create trust. Originality/value – The paper presents empirical data validation of the connection between information security governance and quality of service.

Businesses have derived various benefits from offshore outsourcing of information and communication technology services while accepting and managing perceived risks with respect to the service quality of information security delivered in the supply chain. In this empirical research, taking India as a case which tops the global information technology outsourcing supply chain world ranking, we examine the perceptions of Indian software services provider (service provider) employees with respect to information security service quality delivered to customers and its impact on the service provider organisational performance. Using the existing dimensions and instruments for service quality and organisational performance, our study provides a framework suitably modified to reflect the context of information security. We have used SmartPLS, a structural equation modeling technique, to analyse field survey data collected from across different Indian cities and companies. Significant finding of our research is that information security service quality in an IT offshore outsourcing company providing software services has an impact on the service provider organisation performance, which can be predicted. In addition we also establish that there is positive relationship collectively between elements of information security service quality and organisation performance. We conclude that there is an urgent and serious need for software outsourcing business enterprises to focus on, amplify and commit to information security service quality at strategic, tactical, and operational levels if they wish to achieve revenue expansion, completely satisfied customers and create long term trusted relationships.

The lacunae of Theory X and Theory Y compounded with insufficient research evidence in favour of these theories resulted in the proposition of Theory Z. It is a beautiful amalgamation of both Theory X and Y and has enough empirical evidence to support it. It is easily deduced that most of the successful firms share some common characteristics, which are untouched by geographical boundaries of nations. Theory Z has great relevance in the Indian scenario, as it is a culmination of both American and Japanese cultures. India interestingly has a national culture, which is also a blend of both types of characteristics. This study draws from ethics related literature from ancient Indian scriptures to demonstrate the points of convergence and divergence between Theory Z and the Indian management approach. It also tries to emphasize the applicability of the old phenomenon in the light of new changes in the corporate world.

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