Introduction: Caries is a widespread polyetiological disease. Oral fluid properties and composition play an important role in its development and progression. Objectives: The aim of this study was to present the ability of different voxel sizes in identifying osseous defects of mandibular condyle using CBCT images. Material and methods: We determined Сa 2+ , РО 4 3-, and SO 4 2using spectrophotometric method, Na + , K + , Al by atomic emission spectrometry, Mg 2+ , Zn by atomic absorption spectrometry, Clusing chloride-selective electrode of pH-meter in oral fluid of 22 patients divided into two groups: case DMFT = 1.45 ± 0.48 and control DMFT = 0. Correlation of oral fluid and cervical enamel chemical composition of 19 extracted teeth was made.Results: The values of molar coefficients were high in intact teeth enamel: P/Ca by 10%, Mg/Ca by 82%, and K/Na by 50%. The following values were lower: Ca/P by 10%, Ca/Cl by 16%, and Mg/P by 43% (p ≤ 0.05). The distinctive feature of correlation of oral fluid and enamel chemical composition in the control group patients was the presence of average Mg 2+ bond strength: direct with Cl -, K + , and Na + , and inverse with Сa 2+ and РО 4 3-(p < 0.0001). The correlation between molar coefficients of oral fluid and enamel of patients with intact hard tissues was distinguished by the presence of high direct correlation of Mg 2+ /Са 2+ with РО 4 3-/Сa 2+ , moderate inverse correlation of Са 2+ /Clwith РО 4 3-/Сa 2+ , and the absence of moderate correlation of Mg 2+ /Са 2+ with Са 2+ /РО 4 3-(p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Revealed correlations may be used to diagnose cervical caries and control the effectiveness of its prevention in terms of mixed saliva over time.

Introduction:The microstructure and chemical composition of tooth dentin reflect the complex processes associated with pathological conditions. Therefore, the study of their features is relevant in understanding the tactics of diagnosis and prevention of cervical lesions. Aim of the research: A comparative analysis of the morphological structure and chemical composition of the dentin of intact teeth, teeth with cervical caries, and a wedge-shaped defect. Material and methods:The study included 29 clinically extracted teeth of both jaws and their longitudinal sections, from patients aged 25-54 years, using a JSM-6490 LV focused-beam electron microscope (scanning) with system of energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The chemical composition of 235 dentine areas in the incisal region (tubercle), equator, and cervical area was determined as a percentage of the weights of carbon, oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, chlorine, zinc, potassium, and aluminium. Results: The differences in the content of oxygen, sodium, and zinc in the dentin of all studied anatomical regions were determined, depending on the state of hard dental tissues (p ≤ 0.05). The teeth with cervical caries had less oxygen and more zinc while the teeth with a wedge-shaped defect had less sodium (p ≤ 0.05). An inverse correlation was revealed between carbon and phosphorus, and carbon and calcium in the area of the incisal region (tubercle); direct correlation between phosphorus and calcium (p ≤ 0.05) at the equator and in the cervical region was also revealed. Conclusions:The heterogeneity of mineral dentin content in the studied zones is probably because of the load on various areas and their morphological characteristics. StreszczenieWprowadzenie: Mikrostruktura i skład chemiczny zębiny odzwierciedlają złożone procesy zachodzące w przebiegu stanów chorobowych. Z tego względu ich analiza ma istotne znaczenie dla prawidłowej strategii diagnostyki i zapobiegania uszkodzeniom szyjek zębowych. Cel pracy: Analiza porównawcza budowy morfologicznej i składu chemicznego zębiny w zębach zdrowych oraz zębach z próchnicą w obrębie szyjek i ubytkami klinowymi. Materiał i metody: Badaniem objęto 29 zębów po ekstrakcji klinicznej z obu szczęk, a także ich przekroje podłużne. Zęby pochodziły od pacjentów w wieku 25-54 lat. Analizę przeprowadzono przy użyciu skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego JSM-6490 LV z wiązką skupioną, z systemem mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej z dyspersją energii. Skład chemiczny 235 obszarów zębiny w okolicy brzegu siecznego (guzka) i równika oraz szyjki określono jako procent masy węgla, tlenu, wapnia, fosforu, sodu, magnezu, siarki, chloru, cynku, potasu i aluminium. Wyniki: Określono różnice w zawartości tlenu, sodu i cynku w zębinie wszystkich badanych okolic anatomicznych w zależności od stanu tkanek twardych zęba (p ≤ 0,05). W zębach z próchnicą szyjek stwierdzono niższą zawartość tlenu i wyższą zawartość cynku, natomiast w zębach z ubytkiem klinowym mniej sodu (p ≤ 0,05). Zaobserwowano odwrotną zależność między zawar...

The aim: Is to define dentine chemical composition of intact teeth and those with wedge-shaped defects followed by the analysis of revealed differences. Materials and methods: Longitudinal sections of 22 clinically removed teeth (12 – clinically intact ones, 10 – with wedge-shaped defects) from both jaws were studied in patients aged between 25-54 years. JSM-6490 LV focused beam electron microscope (scanning) with system of energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis INCA Penta FETх3 was used. The chemical composition of 148 dentine areas in the incisal region (tubercle), equator, cervical area has been determined as a percentage of the weight amounts of carbon, oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, zinc, potassium, aluminum. Results: Dentine chemical composition of teeth with wedge-shaped defects differed from those of intact teeth by significantly lower content: sodium, chlorine and calcium – in the incisal region (tubercle); sodium, magnesium − at the equator; sodium, chlorine and calcium – in the cervical region (p≤0.05). In the sample groups with cervical pathology there was more sulfur and oxygen in the incisal region (tubercle), phosphorus and zinc – at the equator, carbon and potassium – in the cervical region (p≤0.05). Conclusions: Differences in the chemical composition of intact teeth and teeth with wedge-shaped defects, the presence of correlation between the studied chemical elements confirm the role of macro- and microelements in the pathogenesis of non-carious cervical lesions.

Annotation. The introduction of martial law in Ukraine caused a change in the form of education from full-time studies to distance learning and determined new challenges and opportunities for higher education institutions. In order to assess the effectiveness of distance learning there was conducted a survey of 295 doctors who were trained at Donetsk National Medical University (DNMU). It has become relevant to provide future specialists with methodical guidelines adapted for distance learning; e-textbooks and training aids allowing to use graphic, sound and video information as much as possible. First of all, technical limitations were noted among the disadvantages of distance learning. In addition, not all education seekers had a sufficient level of computer education. But there were also psychological aspects associated with the lack of live communication between a teacher and a doctor that is very important for practical activities. Among the positive points of distance learning, it should be noted that the quality of this form is not inferior to the quality of full-time studies as it contributes to the development of self-organization of students; it provides an opportunity to get an education at a convenient time regardless of place of residence, state of health or social status; it’s an effective introduction of video materials into the educational process. The transition to distance learning significantly increased the number of class attendance due to online participation and viewing of lectures and practical sessions, as well as access to electronic materials after their conducting without time limits. Thus, GoogleClassroom is a convenient platform for learning with the help of which the postgraduate education system can be made flexible, interactive and personalized as much as possible. Additional use of video communication, messengers, e-mail was suggested. Despite the fact that distance learning has a number of advantages, its effectiveness remains a rather debatable issue. We consider the wide use of the possibilities of cloud services, e-textbooks and computer training programs to be promising.

Introduction. DH is a frequent complaint of dental patients accompanying cervical dental pathology.Aim of the study. To determine DH prevalence in young people of Donetsk region of Ukraine; reveal the correlation between DH indicators and manifestations of psycho-emotional stress, its features in patients with cervical dental pathology. Material and methods. A clinical examination of 272 patients aged 18-44 years was carried out to diagnose DH and cervical dental pathology. The information about presence of parafunctional habits, symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), complaints of overtiredness and frequent headache was entered into the developed