In the system of full-fledged poultry feeding, particular importance is attached to providing them with mineral substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Apimin mineral additive based on bee podmore on the content of zinc, copper, magnesium, and iron in the meat, liver, and bone tissue of quails. During the study, the following methods were used: zootechnical (to analyse the productivity of quails), physiological (to determine the digestibility of nutrients in the poultry diet), biochemical (to analyse the content of minerals in muscles, liver, and tubular bones), morphological (to determine the meat qualities of quails: mass of edible parts, meat carcasses), statistical (to determine the presence or absence of a substantial difference between the values). Justification of the effectiveness of feeding the Apimin additive was carried out based on a comprehensive study on the chemical composition of Apimin, retention of minerals, meat indicators, dynamics of zinc, copper, iron, magnesium content in muscle, bone, and liver tissues of quail. The research was conducted on Pharaoh meat quail from 1 to 56 days of age and quails from 60 to 120 days. Apimin contains calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, and selenium. Feeding Apimin increases metabolism, the digestibility of copper was higher by 21.7%, zinc -by 5.9%, iron -by 8.9%, and magnesiumby 12.9%. Including the additive in the diet influenced increasing muscle mass, the ratio of pulp to bone was higher by 0.26. The content of zinc in pectoral muscles increased by 15.6%, in femoral and lower leg muscles by 2.6%, in the liver -by 5.3%; in pectoral muscles iron increased by 5.1%, in liver-by 13.1%. The copper content was 8.0% higher in the thigh and lower leg muscles, 3.2% higher in the liver, and 14.0% higher in the pectoral muscles. No effect of Apimin on magnesium content was found. With age,

Use in feeding broiler chickens of Vitaton and Vitadeps with and without butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) improves feed intake and water, and has no effect on body weight. The feeding of broiler chickens with mix fodder of Vitaton and BHT in doses that meet and exceed the physiological need of β-carotene calculated for retinol and Vitaton with no OSH in a normal dose of β-carotene did not significantly alter the absolute number of lymphocytes blood and the ratio of their subpopulation responsible for cellular (T-lymphocytes) and humoral (B-lymphocytes) immunity. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils and phagocytic index were not significantly changed in the peripheral blood of broiler chickens at feeding Vitaton as a source of β-carotene with/without BHT. Use of Vitaton without BHT in feeding of broiler chickens at a dose of 0.7 g/kg caused a lymphocytopenia. In chickens of this group we noted a decrease in the total number of lymphocytes in the blood due to decrease of cellular and humoral immunity, namely all subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, including T-helper cells -by 58.3 %, T-suppressors -by 41.0, T-helper cells activeat 43.5, B-lymphocytes by 60.1 %, and 0-lymphocytes -by 40.0 %. This is consistent with the reduction in titer of natural antibodies in their serum by 35.3 %. This phagocytic activity of neutrophils and index of phagocytes in blood of broiler chickens unchanged compared with the control. Use of Vitadeps in feeding broiler chickens at a dose of 5.6 g/kg in mix fodder also caused lymphocytopenia. This was reflected in the decrease of absolute number of blood 0-lymphocytes by 43.4 %, Tsuppressors -by 38.7 % and T-helper cells active -by 39.0 %, but their ratio in the blood was like control level. Thus, usage of Vitaton and Vitadeps with/without butylhydroxytoluene in doses that meet the bird demands of β-carotene calculated to vitamin A, ensure the normal functioning of immune organs. Use of Vitaton with BHT as a source of β-carotene for the feeding of broiler chickens at a dose exceeding the normal content of vitamin A by 7 times, does not cause the violations of immunological homeostasis of the poultry. The Vitaton without butylhydroxytoluene and Vitadeps in doses exceeding the normal content of bird β-carotene calculated to vitamin A by 7 times depressing the immunopoesis in broiler chickens. Key words: Vitaton; Vitadeps; β-carotene; broiler chickens; weight; lymphocytes; phagocytic activity Продуктивність та неспецифічна резистентність курчат-бройлерів за дії β-каротинуНаціональний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, м. Київ 2 Вінницький національний аграрний університет, м. Вінниця, Україна E-mail: shevchenko_laris@ukr.net, dep_rector@vsau.vin.ua, vitam@bigmir.net Використання в годівлі курчат-бройлерів вітатону та вітадепсу з бутилгідрокситолуолом (БГТ) та без нього сприяє підвищенню споживання корму, води і не впливає на масу тіла. Згодовування курчатам-бройлерам з комбікормом вітатону з БГТ в дозах, що відповідають і перевищують фізіологічну потребу в β-каротині в перерахунк...

The mineral elements contained in poultry feed do not fully meet their needs. Therefore, the elements that are lacking in the diet are introduced into the feed or feed mixtures to ensure mineral integrity. The aim of the experiment was to research the cobalt chelate complex effect on live weight, weight gain, slaughter quality and hematological parameters of Pharaoh quails.Scientific studies of the cobalt chelate complex effect on quail productivity were conducted on a research farm of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Two 20-bird groups were formed on the principle of analogues. The experiment lasted for 42 days, i.e., equalization period lasted for five days, and the main period lasted for 37 days.Control slaughter was performed at the end of the experiment, four heads from each group were slaughtered to determine the main indicators of slaughter and blood. The quails additionally fed by the cobalt chelate complex outnumbered their control counterparts in life weight, i.e., females by 8.5 % (P ≥ 0.001) and males by 7.9 % (P ≥ 0.001).Feeding supplements increases the absolute increase by 8.5 % (P ≥ 0.001) in female quails and by 8.1 % (P ≥ 0.001) in male quails of group II than in the control group.Due to the action of the cobalt chelate complex in group ІІ, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth is reduced in females by 6.62 % and males by 6.12 % relative to control counterparts.In group ІІ, the pre-slaughter live weight of quails increased by 7.7 % (P ≥ 0.05), the gutted carcass increased by 8.1 % (P ≥ 0.05) and the gizzard weight increased by 7.8 % (P ≥ 0.05) than the control indicator.The cobalt chelate complexapplication increases the weight of the breast by 12.1 % (P ≥ 0.01) and thigh by 14.3 % (P ≥ 0.05) in group II relative to control analogues. In group II quails of the amount of hemoglobin increases by 7.2 % (P ≥ 0.05) under the action of the researched supplement in comparison with the control sample.

We studied the morphological features of the jejunum and ileum in middle and heavy goose breeds. The geese under six month of age of Gorkovskaya and Legart breeds were used in our research. Geese of a heavy breed had a large intestinal mass, length of the jejunum and ileum, thickness of the mucous membrane of the ileum, and a smaller thickness of the muscular tunic of the jejunum. Legart geese had greater villi density and crypt depth in the jejunum and greater height and density of the villi, the width of the crypts, and the ratio of the height of the villi to the depth of the crypts in the ileum. In all the guts of heavier geese, the density of crypts was lower. The geese of the heavy breed had larger number and area of the ganglia of the mental plexus and smaller number and area in the submucosa in the jejunum, while they had larger area of the ganglia of the submucosal plexus in the ileum. The number of argyrophilic and argentaffin apudocytes in the jejunum of geese of different breeds did not differ, when the Legart breed geese had lesser quantity of apudocytes in the ileum.

The problem of increasing the production of beef to provide the population with domestically-produced meat is mainly being solved by selective breeding of dairy and combined breeds. Therefore, there is a need for the development and introduction of complex measures to increase meat productivity of young cattle, especially regarding the completeness of diet and optimal content of mineral elements in it. The study was conducted on bulls of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted Dairy breed starting from the age of 6 up to the age of 15 months. At the end of the experiment, the animals were slaughtered, 5 from each group. The study was aimed at determining the effect of the protein-vitamin premix Intermix Fattening on the slaughter parameters, morphological composition of carcass and flesh composition by quality grades, chemical composition of the muscle tissue. Statistical analysis of the results revealed that feeding bulls with the supplement increased pre-slaughter live weight by 7.1% and slaughter weight by 9.8%. After meat separation, more edible parts of carcass were obtained in the absolute value. The weight of paired carcass was 9.5% higher. Intake of the diet with protein-vitamin premix influenced the bulls’ characteristics of growth and development of musculature and bones, intensity of fat deposition, leading to 10.8% increase in flesh and no statistical decrease in the yield of bones compared with the carcass weight. Muscle-bone ratio equaled 4.27 in the control, and 4.56 in the experimental animals. Meatiness index of the young animals that had received the supplement with the diet was higher by 11.1%. Flesh of carcasses of bulls belonging to the experimental group had higher content of valuable grades of beef. We obtained 27.3% more flesh of the highest quality and 11.5% of the first-grade quality. In the muscle tissue and the longissimus of the bulls that had been consuming the premix, the concentration of dry matter was higher by 0.78%, and protein by 0.85%. Use of the Intermix protein-vitamin premix would lead to an increase in live weight of animals, and therefore significantly increase the yield of meat and improve the morphological composition of the bulls’ carcasses.