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In stocks and bonds market banks can lend and borrow securities and make profits, maintain liquidity and attract additional financial flows. That is why one needs to assess the economic efficiency of the securities portfolio. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the bank’s operations with securities. The choice of the bank is conditioned by available information and importance of the banking system. The research methodology is based on the coefficient method. A model allows to combine several indicators into one generalizing coefficient S. Bank’s securities operations can be considered cost-effective if the calculated value of S is higher than the average value of 0,5. The evaluation methodology involves the sequence of steps: 1) determination and analysis of selected indicators; 2) normative relations between growth rates of selected indicators, 3) construction of a matrix of normative and recommended ratios, 4) calculation of actual absolute values and growth rates of selected indicators, 5) construction of a matrix of actual relations between the growth rates of selected indicators, 6) comparison of actual and normative growth rates, 7) calculation of the average value of the generalized indicator, 8) comparison of the actual growth rates of the selected indicators with the generalized result and the average value. The developed model gives the possibility to carry out the comparative analysis of the efficiency between different banks irrespective of size. The approbation of the approach is done for particular example of JSC “Oschadbank” due to the available information. During 2012-2019, the share of the securities portfolio of JSC “Oschadbank” in assets averaged 40%, and its highest value is observed in 2018 (53.90%), and the lowest - in 2012 (12.11%). Efficiency of securities transactions has increased: in 2019, the growth rate was more in line with their regulatory ratio (S2019 = 0.63) than in 2018 (S2018 = 0.38). The investment of JSC “Oschadbank” in securities is considered as a more reliable and alternative source of income and liquidity, as compared to loans.

Electronic financial services are of key importance in the EU. However, the actual policies adopted in the field by individual member states differ from country to country. A great deal of legal acts have been adopted by the EU to encourage FinTech development, to prevent money laundering and in particular to lay down secure procedures of personal identification. However, measures applied by individual member states frequently differ. The purpose of this article is to focuses on actual legal instruments used by EU financial institutions and FinTech agencies in the digital environment for client identification and on major problems faced by FinTech companies rendering modern financial services. Financial institutions and FinTech agencies often face the problem of client identification which is of key importance in the field. The complex legal regulation of the field has been extended to include such concepts as customer due diligence, simplified customer due diligence, enhanced customer due diligence and customer identification in physical absence. Each of the ways of identification differs in the scope of collected personal data, methods of data collection, legal regulation and the use of technological instruments.

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