Cloud‐based computing, access to big geospatial data, and virtualization, whereby users are freed from computational hardware and data management logistics, could revolutionize remote sensing applications in fluvial geomorphology. Analysis of multitemporal, multispectral satellite imagery has provided fundamental geomorphic insight into the planimetric form and dynamics of large river systems, but information derived from these applications has largely been used to test existing concepts in fluvial geomorphology, rather than for generating new concepts or theories. Traditional approaches (i.e., desktop computing) have restricted the spatial scales and temporal resolutions of planimetric river channel change analyses. Google Earth Engine (GEE), a cloud‐based computing platform for planetary‐scale geospatial analyses, offers the opportunity to relieve these spatiotemporal restrictions. We summarize the big geospatial data flows available to fluvial geomorphologists within the GEE data catalog, focus on approaches to look beyond mapping wet channel extents and instead map the wider riverscape (i.e., water, sediment, vegetation) and its dynamics, and explore the unprecedented spatiotemporal scales over which GEE analyses can be applied. We share a demonstration workflow to extract active river channel masks from a section of the Cagayan River (Luzon, Philippines) then quantify centerline migration rates from multitemporal data. By enabling fluvial geomorphologists to take their algorithms to petabytes worth of data, GEE is transformative in enabling deterministic science at scales defined by the user and determined by the phenomena of interest. Equally as important, GEE offers a mechanism for promoting a cultural shift toward open science, through the democratization of access and sharing of reproducible code. This article is categorized under: Science of Water
Deltas, alluvial protrusions beyond lacustrine, or marine shorelines, are one of Earth's essential landscape types and provide a wide range of ecosystem services (Besset et al., 2017); ∼500 million people currently live on deltas which have been important locations in the development of human societies and are significant centers for biodiversity (Ericson et al., 2006;Nienhuis et al., 2020;Syvitski & Saito, 2007). However, deltas are particularly vulnerable to a combination of changing sea-levels, reduced sediment influx and subsidence, causing increasing flood risk and degradation of ecosystems (
A reservoir should have pores that can accommodate fluid. This capability is supported by the petrophysical properties which reservoirs have. The petrophysical properties depends on how the sediments were deposited. This study is focused on the deep marine turbidite outcrop. Turbidity currents are a sedimentation process which makes the sediments carried randomly at high velocity and low viscosity. The petrophysical properties such as porosity and permeability could be determined using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and routine core analysis. The approaches of this study are to analyze the petrophysical properties using CFD analysis and compare the results with the routine core analysis. The samples of this study were nine thin sections collected from the outcrops, especially in the middle and the edges of the turbidite channel. These samples then processed in the CFD software called COMSOL Multiphysics thus the porosity and permeability of these samples could be determined. The results show that the porosity values of the CFD analysis are relatively similar with the routine core analysis has and the permeability values of the CFD analysis are higher than the routine core analysis has.
Sequence stratigraphy was a study of layered rocks that form in some period of time. It was proven to be a useful tool in industry, especially oil industry. Yet, sequence stratigraphy most people have seen was the result, not the process. Of which, this study wanted to replicate the process that was taken place in sequence stratigraphy in a smaller scale of a laboratory. To replicate sequence stratigraphy, this study used a flume tank device filled with sand and water flowing with controlled rate. This study makes changes in water level in the flume tank to affect accommodation space, on which sedimentation happens, thus, making some morphological change known as progradation and retrogradation. Changes were recorded using time lapse camera and measured using laser distance meter to see how much the morphology had changed after some period of time. Result of this study showed that transgression and regression could be replicated inside the flume tank by changing the height of water level. Though the time scale could not be made close to real condition, but the process and the result could. This would help understanding sequence stratigraphy not only from the outcrop but also from the series of the process that made it.
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