It is appropriate to use the Demirjian method in southern Turkish children; however, a revision is needed in some age groups.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, showing oral and dermatological manifestations in the form of aggressive periodontitis, leading to the premature loss of both primary and permanent teeth at a very young age and palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis. It was first described by two French physicians, Papillon and Lefevre in 1924. Immunologic, genetic, or possible bacterial etiologies have been thought to account for etiopathogenesis of PLS. Severe gingival inflammation and periodontal destruction occurred after the eruption of primary teeth. This condition should warn the physicians and dentists as a one of the important sign for the diagnosis of PLS. There have been over 250 cases reported in literature about PLS, but a few of these were in the same family. This study presents oro-dental characteristics, dental treatments, and follow-up of three siblings (age of sisters are 13, 6, and 4 years) with PLS, which is rarely seen in the same family.

Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS) is a genetic disorder characterized by proportionate dwarfism, birdlike facies, hypotrichosis, skin atrophy, dyscephaly, bilateral microphthalmia, congenital cataracts, a narrow, weak, beaked nose, a hypoplastic mandible, and orodental anomalies. Occurrence is sporadic and distinct patterns of inheritance have not been found. This case report describes the dental management of a 3-year-old girl patient with HSS, who had unusual radiographic appearance of teeth. Furthermore, dental treatments and a 30-month follow-up period of the patient with this rare tooth structure malformation have been presented.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is an inherited disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes, characterized by blister formation following minor trauma. It is a chronic mechanobullous disease related to the specific abnormal or absent proteins. The disease is associated with conspicuous clinical and oral manifestations. The oral involvement of EB includes generalized enamel hypoplasia, dental caries, limited mouth opening, ankyloglossia, microstomia and obliteration of the vestibule. Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary disorder with dental enamel defects and enamel hypoplasia both in deciduous and permanent dentition. There is very limited information in the literature, which indicate the presence of EB together with AI. The aim of this report is to present the clinical and radiographic manifestations and dental management of EB simplex in a child patient with hypoplastic form of AI.