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Análise in vitro da ação de carrapaticidas em cepas de Boophilus microplus (Canestrini, 1887) colhidas de bovinos leiteiros da região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo In vitro analysis of the action of acaricides on Boophilus microplus strains (Canestrini, 1887) taken from dairy cattle from northeast area of the São Paulo State

By previous fecal examinations, 14 naturally nematode infected equine hosts were selected from horsebreeding farms in Jaboticabal County, São Paulo State, Brazil. The animals were divided in two experimental groups according to age: seven animals, 12 to 24 months old, were allotted to the Young Group and the other seven equines, all of them with more than 60 months old, constituted the Adult Group. One week later all 14 equine hosts were slaughtered and the separate contents, plus a thorough scraping, of each section of the gastro-intestinal tract (stomach, small intestine and large intestine), were collected. Nematodes from every segment were identified, sexed and counted, and emphasis was put on the Cyathostominae found in the large intestine. The prevalent Cyathostominae species found were carefully studied.From the total of 537,128 nematodes collected from the 14 animals of both age groups, 80.5% belonged to the Cyathostominae sub-family (small strongyles). From these, 72.64% came from the Young Group hosts and the remaining 27.36% from the Adult one. The hosts of the Young Group harbored 22 species of Cyathostominae, while those of the Adult Group had only 14 species.This study points out the higher prevalence of the Cyathostominae among the nematode parasites of equines from the studied area in Brazil. Key words: Cyathostomes, horses, age.Resumo: Foram selecionados, por meio de exames coprológicos, 14 eqüinos naturalmente infectados por nematóides, oriundos de haras do município de Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais de sete animais cada, conforme a faixa etária: entre 12 e 24 meses (jovens) e com mais de 60 meses de idade (adultos). Após uma semana, os 14 equinos foram necropsiados e todo conteúdo e raspado de cada segmento do trato gastrintestinal (estômago, intestinos delgado e grosso) foram recolhidos. Os nematóides presentes em todos segmentos anatômicos foram identificados, sexados e contados. Foi dada ênfase aos Cyathostominae encontrados no intestino grosso. De um total de 537.128 nematóides recuperados dos 14 animais necropsiados, 80,5% pertenciam à sub-família Cyathostominae (pequenos estrôngilus). Destes, 72,64% foram encontrados nos equinos jovens e os 27,36% restantes nos animais adultos. Os animais jovens apresentaram 22 espécies de Cyathostominae, enquanto os adultos apresentaram apenas 14 espécies. Este estudo aponta a maior prevalência de ciatostomíneos, entre os nematóides parasitos, principalmente em equinos de 12 a 24 meses de idade, oriundos da região estudada. Palavras-chave: Ciatostomíneos, faixa etária, eqüinos, nematóides.

Water of a brook that receives raw sewage from Jaboticabal, São Paulo State tawn, that passes through the grounds of the UNESP University campus, and, of the well that provides water to the University's facilities were submitted to bacteriological and parasitological analysis. At the same time, 16 steers aged 8 to 16 months (8 Bos indicus and 8 Bos taurus), were closed in and given one of each type of water to drink (4 to each water source) for seven fifteen day periods. On day zero all the animals were treated with ivermectin (at a dosage of 200 µ µg/Kg) and were randomly separated in two groups (one for each water source). The experimental cattle came from farms supposedly free of cysticercosis and underwent clinical and laboratorial testing to detect the presence of this parasite before the beginning and at regular intervals during the experiment. After the seven fifteen day period, the 16 steers were slaughtered and were inspected by the "Serviço de Inspeção Federal -SIF" (Federal Inspection Service). Blood and tissue samples were taken from all animals for laboratorial testing. a) the bacteriological tests revealed that the water from the well, classified as drinking water, had fecal coliform levels compatible to the classification as "drinking water" (CONAMA 20), but the water from the brook "Cerradinho" was classified as polluted in all samples; b) the samples taken during the 15 weeks all showed the presence of eggs of Cestode (Taenia and Hymenolepis) and Nematode (Ascaris, Trichuris, Capillaria and Ancylostomidae) helminthes; c) while one of eight steers given drinking water from the well was infected with Cysticercus bovis, four of the eight that drank water from the Cerradinho brook were infected; d) although the parasitological tests showed the presence of helminth eggs of Taenia genus, the finding of one animal with positive serum and another with the parasite embedded in its muscle, both from the group that drank the well water, suggest that theses animals were infected at the farm before the beginning of the experiment; e) the serological tests were negative for Leptospira spp, Brucella spp, Neospora canimum and Toxoplasma gondii, indicating that these pathogens were not transmitted to the animals. Laboratorial tests with mice, to verify the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, confirmed the serological tests; f) the results obtained by the serology tests and those of the Federal Inspection Service showed only 6.25% of agreement. Key words: Taenia saginata, Cysticercus bovis, catte, polluted water.Resumo: Águas de um córrego que recebe efluentes de esgotos urbanos da cidade de Jaboticabal, SP que passa dentro da área do Campus, e de um poço artesiano que abastece o Campus da UNESP foram submetidas a análises bacteriológicas e parasitológicas. Paralelamente a essas provas, 16 bovinos com 8 a 16 meses de idade (8 Bos indicus e 8 Bos taurus) foram confinados e dessedentados (4 com cada fonte d'água) por sete quinzenas. No dia zero, todos os animais receberam uma dose de ivermectina (200 µg/Kg de ...