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This research focalized on the gamma ray attenuation charesteristics of real bone and manganese substituted Nano hydroxyapatite artificial bone dusts. The current samples were excited with using 59.5 keV photons emitted from an 241 Am annular radioisotope source with 50 mCi activity by using a narrow beam transmission geometry and detected with using Ultra Low Energy Germanium detector with a resolution 150 eV at 5,95 keV experimentally. The gamma-ray attenuation parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer and mean free path are also calculated experimentally and theoretically. The present results points out that the attenuation values of the manganese substituted hydroxyapatite artificial bone dust is very close to the value of the real bone.

In the present study, the concentration levels of heavy metals such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr and Pb in sediment samples collected from 16 sampling locations in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea regions, Turkey was measured using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF). Various pollution parameters and methods, such as the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk index (RI), and geo-spatial distribution patterns were used to assess in detail the pollution status, ecological risks and sources of metals in sediment. The mean