Background:Intravenous oxycodone has been used as an adjunct to anesthetic agents. This study aimed to assess the optimal dose of intravenous oxycodone for the attenuation of the hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Methods:A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted. Ninety-five patients were randomly divided into 5 groups based on the oxycodone dose: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 mg/kg. After administering the assigned dose of intravenous oxycodone, anesthesia was induced with thiopental. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline, before intubation, and 1, 2, and 3 minutes after intubation. The percentage increase of BP was calculated as (highest BP after intubation − baseline BP)/baseline BP × 100 (%). The percentage increase of HR was calculated in same formula as above. Hypertension was defined as a 15% increase of systolic BP from baseline, and probit analysis was conducted.Results:Hemodynamic data from 86 patients were analyzed. The percentage increase of mean arterial pressure after intubation in groups 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 was significantly different from that in the control (P < 0.001). For HR, the percentage increase was lower than control group when oxycodone was same or more than 0.1 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Using probit analysis, the 95% effective dose (ED95) for preventing hypertension was 0.159 mg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.122–0.243). In addition, ED50 was 0.020 mg/kg (95% CI, −0.037 to 0.049). However, oxycodone was not effective for maintaining the HR in our study dosage. There were no significant differences in the incidence of hypotension during induction between groups.Conclusions:Using 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous oxycodone is sufficient to attenuate the increase of BP and HR during induction period in healthy patients. The ED95, which was 0.159 mg/kg, can be useful to adjust the dosage of IV oxycodone for maintain stable BP during induction of general anesthesia.

PCT showed comparable efficacy and safety to PMT with respect to respiratory complications, hypotension and arrhythmia, recovery time, procedure duration, patient satisfaction, and doctor satisfaction. However, the average dose of propofol used was higher in PMT.

Sugammadex might be more beneficial for PONV compared to pyridostigmine-glycopyrrolate mixture for patients who have received opioid-based IV-PCA.

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BackgroundWe hypothesized that induction of general anesthesia using sevoflurane improves the accuracy of non-invasive hemoglobin (SpHb) measurement of Masimo Radical-7® Pulse CO-Oximetry by inducing peripheral vasodilation and increasing the perfusion index (PI). The aim of this study is to investigate the change in the SpHb and the PI measured by Rad7 during induction of general anesthesia using sevoflurane.MethodsThe laboratory hemoglobin (Hblab) was measured before surgery by venous blood sampling. The SpHb and the PI was measured twice; before and after the induction of general anesthesia using sevoflurane. The changes of SpHb, Hbbias (Hbbias = SpHb - Hblab), and PI before and after the induction of general anesthesia were analyzed using a paired t-test. Also, a Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the Hbbias and the PI.ResultsThe SpHb and the PI were increased after the induction of general anesthesia using sevoflurane. There was a statistically significant change in the Hbbias from -2.8 to -0.7 after the induction of general anesthesia. However, the limit of agreement (2 SD) of the Hbbias did not change after the induction of general anesthesia. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the Hbbias and the PI was not statistically significant.ConclusionsDuring induction of general anesthesia using sevoflurane, the accuracy of SpHb measurement was improved and precision was not changed. The correlation between Hbbias and PI was not significant.