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The issues of cleaning the engine lubrication system from pollution by used engine oils without draining them from the crankcase are considered. It has been established that adding monoethanolamine mixed with isopropanol to the engine oil that worked in the engine allows the resins and oxidation products dissolved in the oil to be enlarged to sizes that are easily removed by cleaning agents built into the lubrication system. It was determined that the subsequent addition of dimethyl sulfoxide and white spirit to the oil gives the oil high cleaning properties. According to the results of comparative tests, it was found that the contamination of engine parts after washing the lubrication system with commercial washing oil is reduced by half. Using the developed washing process allows to reduce the contamination of the main parts by 4 times. Compression in the cylinders after washing the D-240 engine according to the developed method increased from 2 to 2,5 MPa, fuel consumption decreased from 13,9 to 11,3 l/h. The content of insoluble sediment in the oil after washing the engine with the developed method was 0,65 %, while in a special washing oil it was 0,37 %. These facts confirm the high washing properties of the composition. In general, the developed flushing technological process allows, under the conditions of agricul-tural enterprises, to clean the lubrication system and engine parts from pollution without the use of expen-sive flushing oils. Cleaning of engine parts from pollution increases the service life of equipment and reduces the cost of repair and maintenance of worn-out agricultural machinery.

In feed production, scientists suggest using high-quality plant culture, soy, to replace animal protein. Soy cannot be fed without pre-heat treatment due to the presence of anti-nutritional substances in it. Analysis of existing technology has shown that micronization, roasting, ultra-high-frequency processing, extrusion, autoclaving, and others are used to remove anti-nutritional substances. These methods are energy-intensive and have a complex design. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a scheme and a working sample of a plant for cooling soybeans using a non-water vibrating conveyor and conduct research on its operation. (Materials and methods) Authors applied methods of system analysis and synthesis of existing knowledge in the field of ongoing research on the development of energy-saving soybean cooler, based on the provisions of the theory of heat and mass transfer. The article presents flow diagram of the cooling of soy. The vibrations of the chute of a non-drive conveyor in the cooling chamber are carried out from the vibration drive of the main conveyor due to the use of the reactive energy of its spring. (Results and discussion) It was revealed experimentally that in regions with a moderate climate and an outdoor temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius, tempered soy can be cooled to the normalized values when it moves in the cooling chamber for 105-140 seconds. In regions of the country with a long period of high temperatures (20-25 degrees Celsius) of outdoor air, the cooling efficiency of tempered soybeans decreases. (Conclusions) The article presents the design parameters of the soybean cooling chamber for warm climate conditions. Authors developed and tested a working sample of the installation. The proposed technical solution provides a reduction in energy consumption compared to traditionally used equipment by up to 30 percent.

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Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz – is an annual oilseed crop in the family Brassicaceae. The aim of the research was to study oil obtained from camelina seeds cultivated in the Crimea. Determination of fatty acid composition was carried out on the gas chromatograph “Хроматэк – Кристалл 5000” (Hromatek - Crystal 5000); automatic dosing unit ДАЖ-2М (DAJ- 2M); capillary column SolGelWax 30m × 0.25 mm × 0.5 μm; carrier gas – helium; speed – 22 centimeters per second; programming temperature –178–230 °С. The preparation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using gas-liquid chromatography (GC) was performed in line with the methodology. The content of biologically active substances (tocopherols) in Camelina sativa oil was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectroscopy. To obtain biofuel, we used the transesterification of triglyceride (or triacylglycerols) of camelina oil with methyl alcohol using potassium hydroxide (or sodium) as a homogeneous catalyst, as well as active metal oxides or enzymes (regiospecific lipase) as heterogeneous catalysts. Camelina sativa oil, obtained from false flax cultivated in the Crimea, should be used, first of all, to ensure healthy, dietary and therapeutic nutrition of the locals and tourists. Since, depending on the variety and the amount of precipitation, it contains 17.89-19.66% of linoleic acid; 33.02-37.06% of linolenic acid; not more than 3.05% of erucic acid. Furthermore, the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids varies from 1.7: 1.0 to 2.2: 1.0 even in wet years. The oil from the winter camelina seeds (‘Penzyak’ variety) in its composition and properties is suitable for the synthesis of biodiesel by the methanolysis reaction using a homogeneous alkaline catalyst. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained biodiesel are similar to those of sunflower or rapeseed oils.