This paper describes the verification analysis for agent formal model of behaviour change process. The verification analysis was based on two widely used approaches in agent formal evaluation namely mathematical and automated analysis. The mathematical analysis made use of stability equilibria point while the automated, made use of Temporal Trace Language (TTL). The results obtained verify the formal model validity.

Purpose: ERP implementation comes with huge business competitive advantages nevertheless it also has its difficulties and challenges. This paper presents the findings of field work and interview conducted on issues and challenges of ERP implementation on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It proposes implementation strategies at each of the implementation stages for a successful ERP implementation within SMEs. Design/methodology/approach: The study employed both personal interview and observation methods. Findings: The findings revealed that reengineering (organization and infrastructures), top management commitment, funds, skilled manpower, implementation time and data fill-in were the critical issues and challenges faced by SMEs during ERP implementation. Hence, these factors were identifies as ERP implementation successful factors to be considered by SMEs. Also the study proposed three implementation strategies stages which will enhance successful ERP implementation in the SMEs. Originality/value: This study identified funds, skilled manpower and data fill-in as part of critical factors for successful ERP implementation in SMEs. Therefore, the study was used to generate successful implementation strategies for SMEs.

Agent applications have been widely used in behaviour change intervention nowadays. This is due to the four features of agents: proactive, reactivity, social ability and autonomy. However, psychological reactance is one of the major limiting causes of agent interventions. Although, many studies have investigated into both psychological reactance and behaviour change nevertheless how reactive intervention can be supported to obtain an improved behaviour change intervention is still lacking in most previous studies. Therefore, this paper describes the formal analysis of agent support model for behaviour change intervention. The analysis made use of two widely accepted approaches in agent formal evaluation namely mathematical analysis and automated verification. The mathematical analysis examined the correctness of the formal model representation and formalization that aimed to ensure that all syntax and semantic representations used in the formal model is consistent. The mathematical analysis used equilibrium property to explore the formal model consistency. Likewise, automated verification depicts the checking of the model properties against its specifications and theoretical traces. The automated verification used Temporal Trace Language (TTL), which verifies the model properties and states against generated traces. The paper presents an agent support model that allows building agent-based software and applications that deflect psychological reactance and enhance an improved behavioural change intervention.

Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model is well suited for describing agent’s mental state. The BDI of an agent represents its motivational stance and are the main determinant of agent’s actions. Therefore, explicit understanding of the representation and modelling of such motivational stance plays a central role in designing BDI agent with successful behavioural change interventions. Nevertheless, existing BDI agent models do not represent agent’s behavioural factors explicitly. This leads to a gap between design and implementation where psychological reactance has being identified as the cause of BDI agent behavioural change interventions failure. Hence, this paper presents a generic representation of BDI agent model based on behavioural change and psychological theories. Also, using mathematical analysis the model was evaluated. The objective of the proposed BDI agent model is to bridge the gap between agent design and implementation for successful agent-based interventions. The model will be realized in an agent-based application that motivates children towards oral hygiene. The study explicitly depicts how agent’s behavioural factors interact to enhance behaviour change which will assist agent-based intervention designers to be able to design intervention that will be void of reactance.

Online banking user interface gives customers' the platform to link-up their bank servers and conduct transactions over the Internet. It provides both customers and banks with great opportunities. Security and privacy are one of the big issues that banks are contending with to survive the global competitive banking market. Many technological innovation and solution are being suggested to combat these issues. However, these solutions are making banking user interface more complicated and complex which is affecting the simple and clear natures of an ideal banking user interface. Thus, this paper aim at examining customers' perception and attitude toward the ease of use of online banking interface in Nigeria commercial bank. The study will probe on how advancement on online banking user interface securities feature affect customers' attitude and intention to use the interface. The investigation of this study was done in the light of Technological Acceptance Model (TAM). A survey was carried out on 500 respondents in Nigeria out of which 356 were usable, giving a response rate of 71.2 percent. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive analysis using SPSS.Findings of the study indicates that as banks are providing more security measures on their online banking user interface, similarly attention should be given to ease of use of the interface. Consequently, if banks can ensure that both security and ease of use are integrated on their user interface, customers will have more confidence in adoption and usage of online banking user interfaces without hesitations.