The reaction between differently substituted borasiloxanes and 2,5-bis(3-pyridylethynyl)thiophene provided the first example of luminescent borasiloxane-based chiral helices held together by N─B bonds. The starting building blocks and the helices were...

The search for supramolecular promising porous crystalline materials with diverse applications such as gas storage, catalysis, chemo-sensing, energy storage, and optoelectronic have led to the design and construction of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs). COFs are a class of porous crystalline polymers that allow the precise integration of organic building blocks and linkage motifs to create predesigned skeletons and nano-porous materials. In this review article, a historic overview of the chemistry of COFs, survey of the advances in topology design and synthetic reactions, basic design principles that govern the formation of COFs as porous crystalline polymers as well as common synthetic procedures and characterization techniques are discussed. Furthermore some challenges associate with the synthesis of COFs are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academics in no mean feat.

A myriad of MOFs reported in the literature are made up of transition metal ions (nodes), single or in clusters, braced by organic supports or ligands. But there are other MOFs in which the central metal are non-transition elements. MOFs are prepared by the combination of inorganic and organic building units to give materials with high porosity, and other unique properties. Due to MOFs unique structural topographies, they find applications in diverse areas such as gas adsorption, gas purification and separation, catalysis, and in drug delivery. In this review article, the design and methods for MOFs synthesis, MOFs- activation, characterization, as well as organic linkers used for the making of MOFs are discussed. Furthermore the shortage of MOFs research based on silicon-containing aryl building units as well as boron-containing building units in comparison to carbon-containing building units are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academics.