Rice is the major commodity most consumed by people in Indonesia. Rice production fluctuates every year, one of which is because the carrying capacity of nutrients obtained by plants is less than optimal. Nutrients can come from a combination of biological and anorganic fertilizers. This study aimed to determine the combination of biological and anorganic fertilizer application on the growth of rice. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with 4 replications. The treatments were arranged in 5 levels of fertilization, namely: without application of fertilizer (P0), 1.00 dose of NPK (P1), 1.00 dose of NPK + 1.00 dose of biological fertilizer (P2), 0.75 dose of NPK + 1.00 dose of biological fertilizer (P3) and 0.50 dose of NPK + 1.00 dose of biofertilizer (P4). The test results showed that the treatment of P3 produced taller plants, more tillers, and darker green leaves than the control treatment (P0) and was the same as treatment with P1. The treatment of P3 also resulted in a higher number of productive tillers, increased tile, and the estimated productivity of GKP (harvested dry grain) and GKG (dry milled grain) was higher than the control treatment (P0) and equal to Jurnal Bioindustri Vol. 5. No. 1, Bulan November 2022 E-ISSN: 2654-5403 2 P1. This had an impact on the relative agronomic value which was higher than NPK fertilizer for the control treatment.

Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) seeds have different colors at harvest due to differences in the seed maturity level, hence, differences in seed quality. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain information about the phenology of flowers, fruits, seeds, and to determine the appropriate heat unit accumulation to reach the seed physiological maturity of kangkong when the maximum seed quality is achieved. The experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design with one factor. The experimental factor was the seed harvest age consisted of 15 levels, starting from 16 days after anthesis (DAA) or 79 days after planting (DAP) to 30 DAA. The anthesis occurred at 63 DAP. The results showed that the seed physiological maturity of kangkong cv KK02 was achieved at 25 DAA with the characteristics of brownish fruit color, white seeds, and the seeds turned dark brown after drying. At 25 DAA, the seed moisture content was the lowest while the seed dry weight, seed viability, and seed vigor reached their maximum. The heat unit of kangkong cv KK02 at the seed physiological maturity was 1,668.50 °Cd. It is suggested that the kangkong seeds are harvested at 25 DAA with a heat unit of 1,668.50 °Cd.

Dryland is a potential food production in the future and sorghum is one of the potential commodities to be developed. Sorghum has been cultivated by a small number of people in Ende Regency, such as in Kotabaru and Nangapanda sub-districts. However, the cultivation has not yet applied cultivation techniques to achieve production optimization. In addition, there are still many limitations in knowledge of processing the production of sorghum seeds, leaves, and stems. Farmers have not enjoyed and received the benefits of cultivation so far. The purpose of this study is to increase awareness, understanding, and knowledge about the importance of sorghum to support food security and farmer welfare in Ende Regency, and to map the potential of online learning for farmers. The online learning was carried out in Kotabaru Village with the target being the Kema Sa Ate Women Farmers Group (KWT), which are sorghum cultivators. Learning is carried out using the lecture plus method (lecture-discussion) using a zoom meeting. Learning materials about harvesting and post-harvesting sorghum. The obstacle faced in this online learning is a device that does not support it. This problem was solved by involving a learning facilitator played by Field Agricultural Extension (PPL). Participants' initial knowledge before the training program was 3.8 and after training the final knowledge was 7.2. Based on the initial and final knowledge, it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge of 89.5%. The level of participant satisfaction with the 5 indicators proposed in the evaluation of the learning implementation process is very high, more than 80%. The level of participants' satisfaction with the five indicators in the evaluation of the training process also increased. More than 90% for problem solving in the field, speaker competence, and the level of urgency of information, while for media innovation and training methods more than 80%.

ABSTRACT<br /><br />The use of high quality seed is one of the key factors to improve productivity. Probiotic bacteria has been used to increase plant growth and to control pathogens. The objective of the research was to evaluate methods of chili seed production that yielded high physiological and pathological quality using probiotic fluorescent bacteria Pseudomonas (P24). The bacteria was expected to function as plant growth promoting bacteria as well as capable of controling seedborne pathogen Colletotrichum acutatum causes antrachnose. The experiment was conducted during March until October 2014 in Seed Health Laboratory, Plant Bacteriology Laboratory, and Leuwikopo experimental garden, IPB. The experiment was arranged in a split plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots were untreated and inoculation of C. acutatum. The subplot was six treatments of fluorescent Pseudomonas (P24) application. The results showed that matriconditioning and spraying of fluorescent Pseudomonas (P24) on nursery decreased disease incidence significantly. Matriconditioning and spraying of fluorescent Pseudomonas (P24) on nursery and flowering phase increased number of healthy fruit and total weight of seeds per plant significantly. These applications also increased seed physiological  quality indicated by germination percentage (GP) 77.04%, growth rate (GR) 9.72% etmal-1, vigor index (VI) 29.74%, and seed health by suppresed C. acutatum infection up to 12.25%.<br /><br />Keywords: anthracnose, Colletotrichum acutatum, control, matriconditioning, spraying<br /><br />

Produktivitas nasional jagung manis masih tergolong rendah dengan potensi hasil yang tidak stabil, sedangkan kebutuhan masyakarat terus meningkat. Produktivitas dapat ditingkatkan melalui penggunaan varietas unggul dan teknik budidaya yang tepat salah satunya jumlah benih per lubang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh varietas, jumlah benih per lubang, serta interaksi jumlah benih per lubang dan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Agustus hingga November 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) pola tersarang, dengan petak utama jumlah benih per lubang tanam dan anak petak 8 varietas jagung manis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah benih per lubang berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakter-karakter agronomis seperti, panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang tongkol, bobot tongkol berkelobot, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, panjang tangkai tongkol, padatan terlarut total, dan produktivitas. Serta terdapat interaksi yang tidak nyata antara pemakaian jumlah benih dan varietas terhadap beberapa karakter yang diamati. Terdapat keragaman yang nyata antar varietas yang diuji pada semua karakter. Kata kunci: interaksi genetik lingkungan, jumlah populasi, kompetisi, produktivitas