Objectives This study employed MAPK domain inhibition as an anti-angiogenic scaffold and further validate the anti-angiogenic effects of the lead phytochemicals, curcumin from ethanolic extract of curcuma longa (EECL) in N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) model of liver cancer in Wistar rats.Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats comprising of sixty male and female rats were randomly selected into twelve groups (n = 5): group A (100 mg/kg NDEA + 200 mg/kg EECL), group B (100 mg/kg NDEA + 400 mg/kg EECL), group C (100 mg/kg NDEA + 600 mg/kg EECL), group D (100 mg/kg NDEA + 200 mg/kg pure curcumin), group E (100 mg/kg NDEA + 100 mg/kg sylibon 140), group F (100 mg/kg NDEA), group G (200 mg/kg pure curcumin), group H (100 mg/kg DMSO), group I (200 mg/kg EECL), group J (400 mg/kg EECL), group K (600 mg/kg EECL), group L (control) at the end of 42 days of the experiment period. The lead phytochemicals, curcumin from EECL were isolated and subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for characterization. The anti-angiogenic potentials of the curcumin isolates were validated through molecular docking and the expression of antiangiogenic related mRNA.Results The binding of Co-crystallized, curcumin and cis-sesquisabinene hydrate, to the binding site led to the conformation with binding energies of -15.15 kcal/mol, -7.212 kcal/mol, and − 6.361 kcal/mol respectively. Treatment with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated the expression of MAPK and Vascular endothelial growth factor mRNAs in the hepatocyte tumour, while the Alpha Fero Protein and Interleukin-10 mRNA was significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated.Conclusion Ethanolic extract of Curcumin longa possessed anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferating prospective against MAPK domain inhibition.

This present study compares the effect of ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa (EECL) and curcumin compound on the hematological profile of NDEA male and female Wistar rats. One hundred and twenty rats were randomly divided into twelve groups (n=5) for the experimental duration of 8 weeks. Group A,B,C,D,E and F received 100 mg/kg of NDEA each with 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg EECL, 200 mg/kg curcumin compound and 100 mg/kg of syilbon (standard drug) respectively. Group G received 200 mg/kg of curcumin compound only, H received 200 mg/kg DMSO only, group I,J and K received 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of EECL while group L received only water. Animals were sacrificed at the end of 28 days of treatment. Blood samples were collected into labeled EDTA bottles for hematology analysis. There was significant decrease (P<0.05) in the white blood count (WBC), Mid-range absolute count (MID), granulocytes and platelet of the NDEA treated groups as compared with the control group in female leucogram as compared with male leucogram. The result of the erythrogram showed significant decrease (P>0.05) in red blood count (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB), while Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC),Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and MCH concentration (MCHC) was significant increase (P<0.05) in NDEA group as compared with control in both male and female groups. the the findings suggests mitigative effect of ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa and pure curcumin compound on hematological dysfunctions in both male and female rats.

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