The high-pressure stabilised BiFe1−yScyO3 perovskites exhibit annealing-stimulated irreversible phase transitions, which allows them to be obtained in different structural polymorphs.
We evaluate improvement in the performance of the optical transmission systems operating with the continuous nonlinear Fourier spectrum by the artificial neural network equalisers installed at the receiver end. We propose here a novel equaliser designs based on bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) gated recurrent neural network and compare their performance with the equaliser based on several fully connected layers. The proposed approach accounts for the correlations between different nonlinear spectral components. The application of BLSTM equaliser leads to a 16x improvement in terms of bit-error rate (BER) compared to the non-equalised case. The proposed equaliser makes it possible to reach the data rate of 170 Gbit/s for one polarisation conventional nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) based system at 1000 km distance. We show that our new BLSTM equalisers significantly outperform the previously proposed scheme based on a feed-forward fully connected neural network. Moreover, we demonstrate that by adding a 1D convolutional layer for the data pre-processing before BLSTM recurrent layers, we can further enhance the performance of the BLSTM equaliser, reaching 23x BER improvement for the 170 Gbit/s system over 1000 km, staying below the 7% forward error correction hard decision threshold (HD-FEC).
It is shown that the use of the mode classification adopted in the Jacobi matrix method and which is the most natural one for describing localized states leads to extremely rapid convergence of the Green functions for frequencies lying outside the quasi-continuum band of the crystal. This has made it possible to obtain rather general analytical expressions for the conditions of formation and the characteristics of local modes due to the presence of light impurity atoms in crystal lattices having a simply connected region of the quasi-continuous phonon spectrum. The accuracy with which the frequencies and intensities of the local modes are determined using these expressions is illustrated for examples of light substitutional impurities (isotopic and weakly coupled) and close-packed structures (fcc and hcp) and also isolated pairs of isotopic impurities in an fcc crystal lattice. In particular, the results permit simple and extremely accurate evaluation of the parameters of the host lattice and defect from the known values of the local frequencies.
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