Introduction. The study of the structure and features of the ethnocultural heritage functioning is an important scientific problem, which is especially important for the implementation of regional and national strategies for sustainable development and optimization of the quality of the country's environment. It is also important to solve the problem of traditional natural resource management of Podillya as a part of Eastern Europe, where a retrospective polyethnic development vector was formed, which has manifested in the formation of the Polish ethnocultural heritage. Problem formulation. The importance of professional analysis of assessment and assessment of ethnocultural landscape resource potential is based on justification of its future effective use, particularly, in the design of a regional network of ethnocultural protected areas, which aligns with the concept of sustainable development of Ukraine. Analysis of recent research and publications. Eastern European geographers have been developing the concept of the ethnocultural landscape since the end of the XX century and the following directions have been formed: 1) ethnocultural landscape is analyzed as cultural landscape; 2) ethnocultural landscape in anthropogenic landscape studies; 3) protection of ethnocultural artifacts; 4) as a part of humanistic geography. Highlighting previously unsolved parts of the overall problem. These studies will make it possible to evaluate the degree of Polish ethnocultural heritage influence on tourism development in Eastern Europe. This will allow to development of practical recommendations for the preservation and use of ethnocultural heritage in modern socio-economic conditions, the implementation of targeted programs involving EU funds. Formulating the purpose of the paper. The study aims to study the problem field of individual components of regional ethnocultural landscape science, its theoretical and practical potential, and its use in solving problems of nature management, namely Polish ethnocultural landscapes and relevant cultural heritage. Presentation of the main research material. The general regularities of formation of the estate, fortification and industrial landscapes, their ethnocultural features, and features of management are allocated. Proposals for optimization and intensification of nature use of Polish ethnocultural landscapes through protection and museification (regional landscape parks, open-air museums) of Polish historical and cultural artifacts of the region have been formed. Polish ethnocultural landscapes of Podillya are analyzed as an object of ethnocultural tourism. Thus, they will preserve biodiversity, create a basis for a harmonious combination of environmental and educational activities with the opportunity to get acquainted with the Polish historical and cultural heritage of the region. Conclusions. The unification of Polish ethnocultural artifacts in the villages and small towns of the region contributes to the transformation of heritage into a tourist product, which leads to interest in the preservation of monuments, increases the number of visitors. Given the number and spatial distribution of Polish heritage sites in the region, the creation of a landscape cadastre is one of the top priorities in addressing their protection and monitoring. Ethnocultural objects of Polish origin are usually the core of the planning structure of small towns or villages in the region. When attracting funds from Polish and Ukrainian investors, a profit that will significantly exceed the invested funds is possible. Ethnocultural heritage is one of the priorities of international tourism in the world's leading countries.

The problem of allocating paragenetic anthropogenic landscapes. The processes of formation, development and operation of the paragenetic and paradinamic connection in landscape complex of channel and floodplain of the Southern Bug River. On the example of the space-time process of development of the bottom of the river valley described the process of exchange of matter, energy and information between the anthropogenic landscape complexes. Key words: Southern Bug River, channel, floodplain, anthropogenic landscape, landscaped complex, paradinamic connection, paragenetic connection.

The aim of the article. To analyze the peculiarities of height differentiation of valley-river landscapes and to study their current structure taking a model region as an example – a plain territory of the Right-bank Ukraine. Methods. The study is based on the ideas of F. M. Milkov on anthropogenic landscapes and their vertical (height) differentiation. In the process of research the constructive-scientific landscape approach and the principles of complexity and natural-anthropogenic combination were used. The main research methods, in addition to field, are methods of theoretical generalization, historical and landscape, the leading factor, zoning, modeling, analogy and more. Scientific novelty. The main focus of scientists is only on the impact of vertical zonation on mountain landscapes. Height differentiation of valley-river landscapes has not been given due attention. This is especially true of river valley landscapes that have been transformed as a result of economic activity. Practical value. Previous experience in the optimization of anthropogenic landscapes shows that taking into account their height differentiation is a necessary condition for the development of various projects and schemes of environmental management. Given the growing anthropogenic pressure on the environment, such studies will help to better understand the course of negative man-made processes and contribute to the optimization, conservation and protection of modern valley and river landscapes. In the long run, this may be the basis for similar research in river valleys around the world. Research results. The development of height differentiation within the boundaries of valley-river landscapes of the Right-bank Ukraine was considered based on the earlier experience. 2 height-landscape levels (“young” accumulative and “typical” accumulative-denudation) and 4 tiers were singled out in river valleys. Bridges, dams, causeways, derivative HES, “water” mills, anthropogenic islands, ponds of a riverbed type or meliorative canals – all these are typical for a lower tier of a “young” accumulative height-landscape level. A middle tier is represented with water-economic and agricultural landscapes. An upper tier is formed with residential and mining-industrial landscapes. In river valleys a “typical” accumulative-denudation height-landscape level has one lower tier which is formed with two natural types of localities: sloping and canyon-like. This tier is characterized with a good preservation (up to 35%) of natural landscapes. Anthropogenic landscapes are represented mainly with forest-cultural, residential, agricultural and road landscape complexes. The conclusion has been made that with further anthropogenization of river valleys it is expedient to make designs of anthropogenic landscapes, distributing them on height-landscape teirs evenly and thoughfully. Within the boundaries of a “young” accumulative height-landscape level it advisable to carry out the restoration and optimization of water-economic landscape-technical systems which are at the “aging” stage. To preserve valley-river landscapes it should be forbidden to take any economic measures except for the optimization ones.

Landsat satellite images (Landsat-5 for the period of 1990–2010 and Landsat-8 for the year of 2020) were used for the spatiotemporal analysis of the dynamics of the main habitats of the Kozachelaherska arena (Nyzhniodniprovsky sands, Kherson region, Ukraine). The algorithm of minimum distance of automatic k-mean clustering was used for the classification of the satellite images. Habitats were classified according to EUNIS classification principles. The analysis revealed a considerable decrease in a summary area of coniferous plantations in the period of 2000–2010. During the last two decades, the area of losses significantly exceeded the renewal area of coniferous plantations. The area of large permanent aquatic habitats in the north-east part of the arena decreased by 2.5 times in the last thirty years. The water supply of the territory is constantly decreasing, probably due to the reduction in precipitation and in the ground water level. At the same time, the area of territories under open sand doubled, the process of sand overgrowth with vegetation has slowed down, and its losses have increased. All these changes are most likely caused by the increasingly arid climate in southern Ukraine, which may, over time, lead to the replacement of habitats characteristic of sandy steppes with habitats of open sands.

The spatial and temporal analysis of the formation of the structure of garden-park landscapes of the Right-Bank Ukraine on the example of the National Dendrology Park “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Alexandria Dendrological Park the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sinitsky Park of Cherkassy region, Nemirovsky Park, Sokiletsky and Pechersk parks of Vinnitsa region were done in the article. The emphasis was placed on the spatial location of Right-Bank Ukraine, the peculiarities of natural conditions and the diversity of natural landscapes, which determined the attractiveness of the territory for its development by different peoples and ethnic groups. The boundary of the situation led to the interaction and overlay of Western European and Eastern European cultures, the material expression of which are garden-park landscapes. Garden-park landscapes are a special group of anthropogenic landscapes, which are composed of natural and technical blocks. The features of the technical block are determined not only by the natural conditions of the territory but also by the culture of the organization and creation of the garden-park landscapes that is characteristic of the corresponding historical period. It was noted that in the landscape structure of the old garden-park landscapes, there are a river, floodplain, sloping and watershed types of areas that are typical for the research area. Formation, functioning and development of gardens and parks are associated with the peculiarities of the socio-economic and historical development of the territory. The river-floodplain type of terrain is represented by tracts of rivers, ponds, islands, levelling surfaces, occupied by meadow vegetation. Mostly, the tracts of this type of terrain are complicated by such landscape-technical systems as bridges and dams. On average, the river-floodplain type of terrain accounts for 10 to 20% of the area of the garden park landscape. The sloping type of terrain includes a variety of simple and complex tracts with steep slopes of 50 to steep sloping walls. Busy, mostly, parked plantations and ray fields. Landscape-technical systems are represented by different types of stairs. This type of terrain accounts for the largest share of a garden-park landscape – from 60% to 90%. This fact is connected with the specifics of the organization of garden-park landscapes within the territory of Right-Bank Ukraine. Watershed type of terrain is represented by tracts of weakly wavy surfaces. It includes a park building, which is represented by various buildings. Regardless of the landscape style of planning the territory, within the limits of the water-type type of terrain, there are regular elements of the organization of the territory – they are alleys, parterals, bosqueets, etc. Up to 20% of the area of the landscape garden landscape belongs to the tract of the watershed type of terrain. It was concluded that most of the garden-parf landscapes of Right-bank Ukraine are now in poor condition. In order to preserve and improve the modern structure of garden-park landscapes, the following measures should be taken: to significantly expand their areas and improve the functioning of the infrastructure elements; to regulate the boundaries of garden-park landscapes and to pay more attention to their paragenetic and paradigmatic interconnections with the surrounding territories: to clearly outline the role and significance of existing and future garden-park landscapes in the structure of regional ecosystems.