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Defect-free machining of materials and products with a strictly organized anisotropic structure (polymer composite materials), with an uneven change in physical and mechanical properties throughout the volume (synthegran) or with high strength properties (artificially grown superhard ruby and leucosapphire crystals) is either impossible or not economically feasible on modern CNC technological machines. The reason for this is the lack of information about the power parameter, e.g., the machining force and torque. Therefore, the use of the developed adaptive mechatronic mechanism (AMM) module, which implements parametric stabilization of the power machining parameter in an open-loop control system, was an effective solution to this technological problem. An analysis of the issue state in the field of mechatronic and intelligent machines has shown that to date, mechatronics as a science systematically combines mechanics, electronics, and informatics (computer science). Moreover, the term informatics indirectly reflects another component of mechatronics – automation. In this regard, two main methods of automatic control are considered: by deviation in a closed system with feedback and by disturbance in an open system without feedback on the controlled parameter. Examples of open-loop systems with disturbance control, in which the “disturbance compensation principle” is implemented, are given. This method cannot be replaced in the absence of sensors – sources of information about physical processes in technological machines for various purposes, for example, in machine tool building, biomedicine, nuclear and military technology. As a rule, in all these machines there is a reciprocating movement of the working body (tool). The information model of the AMM module presented in the article reflects its main elements and characteristics, including driving forces (electromagnetic and electrodynamic), a ball-bearing screw mechanism, a fixed (unmovable) stator with a field winding and a movable armature with armature winding. The place of this article in the general system of scientific research on the formulated new scientific direction “Mechatronic and intelligent technological machines” is shown. This article is an introduction to this scientific direction, when automatic regulation “by disturbance” is performed in a mechatronic machine, i.e., the principle of disturbance compensation is fulfilled.

Introduction. The use of enzyme preparations at various stages of the technological process of extracting pectin from potato pulp and their influence on yield and purity of pectin has been studied.Materials and methods. The hydrolysis of potato pulp's protopectin was carried out in various ways using hydrochloric acid, enzymatic preparations of cellulolytic and amylolytic activity at different stages of the technological process and in a combined method.Results and discussion. The effect of a complex enzyme preparation of cellulase on the final produce yield and quality has been researched. It was stated that adding the enzyme preparation at the stage of preliminary treatment of raw materials in an amount of 0,1% of the total dry matter mass (accordingly 9 CU/g of raw material) in combination with acid-thermal hydrolysis leads to an increase in the recovery of alcohol-sugared potato pectin from 7% to 13,6%.The positive influence of amylolytic enzyme preparations on the physical and chemical properties of potato pectin has been proved. Dosage of the enzyme was carried out in the amount of 3 AU/g of absolutely dry starch. The use of amylolytic enzyme preparations in order to process potato pulp in combination with acid hydrolysis raised the uronide component of potato pectin from 27.4% to 42%.The study of the structure of potato pectin samples, extracted under different conditions, by comparison of infrared spectra has been carried out. We have used the method of Xray diffraction analysis to investigate changes in the structure of potato pectin obtained by different methods and compared it with potato starch. It is proved that the use of enzymes at the stage of preliminary processing of raw materials increases the yield, purity and complexing ability of pectin.Conclusions. The use of cellulolytic enzyme preparations and -amylase in the technology of pectin extraction from a potato pulp in combination with acid-thermal hydrolysis leads to an increase in the yield and purity of potato pectin.

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