The authors study the process of decision-making optimization in the control of the spacecraft onboard systems. To ensure the continuous operation of a remotely controlled complex technical system, it is necessary, on the basis of an analysis of the state of the onboard systems, to formulate control effects, the absence of which could lead to the system's failure to fulfill its tasks or system failure. In order to prevent such situations, an approach based on a simulation model is proposed, the use of which will reduce the risk of accidents in the onboard systems of the spacecraft. The proposed model is represented by factor space. The state of the onboard parameters of the spacecraft at different points in time is matched by the set of points that form the decision-making surface in this factor space. The basic stages of forming the optimal trajectory on the decision surface, which are approximated by numerical methods, are given and described. Using the actual values of the parameters obtained in a 15-minute data communication session from the board of the artificial satellite Earth "Ocean-1", a decision-making surface was constructed. The equation of the optimal trajectory on the created surface is obtained. The simulation results will be used to develop emergency management and control systems.

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The authors propose an approach to assessing the possibility of stabilizing controlled impact on the ecological system, its climatic characteristics, within a limited space. Maintaining the necessary climatic parameters at an acceptable level ensures the stability of any ecosystem, the natural habitat of all living organisms, the preservation of biodiversity, including humans. The biggest potential threat is the rapid dynamics of global warming. Rising temperatures are the cause of extreme weather events, which directly affects environmental and food security. Given the urgency of the task, there is a need to study the controlled mechanism of influence on certain climatic factors in order to curb abnormal dynamics and bring the ecosystem into a state of stable equilibrium. The approach proposed by the authors is based on modeling the process of reducing the risk of crisis situations with abnormal fluctuations in ambient temperature. The mathematical model is represented by a system of ordinary differential equations, which is a consequence of the adaptation of Lagrange equations to oscillatory processes. The state of the studied climatic factor is matched by some random process, the amplitude of which depends on the values of the components of the control vectors and the function of external influence. The experimental parameter is ambient temperature. The problem was solved using statistical data for the Zhytomyr region (Ukraine). The main results of the simulation are to obtain a set of control vectors and functions of external influence, which will be taken into account in the information system for monitoring the environmental situation.