Ensuring technogenic and environmental safety of transport pipeline systems is a complex state task. The main group of reasons leading to failures, accidents and other incidents in these systems is associated with the quality of manufacture (repair) of equipment, as well as the level of operation of transport pipeline systems. At the present stage of transport pipeline systems development, the design-technological approach, including the maintenance and repair of valves, is significantly changing. Particular attention is paid to the abrasive finishing and lapping treatment, which allows, in one operation, carrying out first the roughing (allowance removal), and then the final finishing with achievement of the shape and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. The proposed calculated dependences allow predicting the operation reliability and durability of high-precision products of transport pipeline systems valves and, thus, increase the level of environmental safety of transport pipeline systems.

The paper assesses the ecological state of the Udy and Oskil rivers and investigates changes in climatic indicators in the Kharkiv region by building predictive models using the Holt-Winters method based on data collected before the start of russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine. On the basis of multifactorial correlation-regression analysis, the factors that have the greatest influence on the ecological state of the Oskil and Udy rivers have been determined. Determination of correlational dependencies is aimed at the implementation of preventive adaptive measures. The results of the study can be used in the determination of priority problems and the scientific justification of water protection measures, as well as the possibility of isolating and identifying the impact of military actions by hydrochemical and hydrological indicators of the qualitative state of surface waters, by the difference between predicted and actual data, which is the practical significance of the work.

Методами рентгеновской фотоэлектронной и туннельной спектроскопий исследовано электронное строение аморфного металлического сплава Fe 77 Si 8 B 15 . В окислённом поверхностном слое исследуемого соединения, помимо связей C-C, наблюдаются связи CO, характерные для сложных углеродных соединений. В окислённом слое не зафиксированы бор и его соединения. Наблюдается значительная поверхностная сегрегация крем-ния, концентрация которого сохраняется постоянной как в окислённом слое, так и по исследуемой глубине ленты. В объёме ленты обнаруживает-ся присутствие карбида кремния Si-C, а также незначительные количе-ства кислорода и азота. Методом туннельной спектроскопии обнаружены области с пониженной проводимостью, что характерно для образования нанофаз железа и кремния. Наблюдаются существенные неоднородности плотности электронных состояний на межкластерных границах, что сви-детельствует об их сложной организации. Уровень Ферми исследуемого сплава находится в локальном минимуме плотности электронных состоя-ний, что соответствует критерию Нагеля-Таука образования аморфного состояния.Методами Рентґенової фотоелектронної і тунельної спектроскопій дослі-джено електронну структуру аморфного металевого стопу Fe 77 Si 8 B 15 . У окисненому поверхневому шарі досліджуваних сполук, окрім зв'язків С-С, спостерігаються зв'язки СО, характерні для складних вуглецевих сполук. У окисненому шарі не зафіксовано бор та його сполуки. Спостері-гається значна поверхнева сеґреґація кремнію, концентрація якого збері-гається постійною як в окисненому шарі, так і за досліджуваною глиби-ною стрічки. В об'ємі стрічки виявлено присутність карбіду кремнію Si-C, а також незначні кількості кисню й азоту. Методою тунельної спектро-скопії встановлено області зі зниженою провідністю, що характерно для утворення нанофаз заліза та кремнію. Спостерігаються істотні неоднорід- Металлофиз. новейшие технол. / Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol. 2014, т. 36, № 7, сс. 977-986 Оттиски доступны непосредственно от издателя Фотокопирование разрешено только в соответствии с лицензией 2014 ИМФ (Институт металлофизики им. Г. В. Курдюмова НАН Украины) Напечатано в Украине.

The features of information support between different agencies in emergency situations in a number of countries, including in Ukraine, are investigated in the paper. Insufficient level of modern legal basis for ensuring information exchange between different agencies in case of emergency environmental situations is noted. There is a lack of common approaches to the role of emergency environmental situations in Ukraine's civil protection system. The necessity to investigate the distribution of responsibilities of the monitoring entities and their ability to conduct operational environmental monitoring to determine the information interaction between central, local and environmental authorities in monitoring emergency environmental situations was noted. The organization of interaction of units of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine with nature protection bodies in case of emergency environmental situations, organization of interaction between structural units of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine and central and local executive authorities is proposed. The scheme of information interaction of Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine and the central and local executive authorities in conducting environmental monitoring in emergency environmental situations is proposed, which provides information through two channels - through regional state administrations and central executive authorities. It takes into account the need for a joint exchange of information between the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine for a timely response to potential and actual threats and the adoption of the relevant parts of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine measures for the prevention of emergencies and reduce their consequences. The reliability of the results of processing the received information is ensured by the implementation of the requirements of the unified regulatory and methodological base of Ukraine for means of measuring equipment. Keywords: emergency environmental situations, monitoring, information exchange, information interaction, environment

The article provides an assessment of the phytoremediation method as a promising direction of passive protection of soils and water bodies from pollution by surface waste waters, especially those contaminated as a result of fire extinguishing processes. Particular attention is paid to the danger of contamination with anionic surfactants. Natural methods of surface runoff purification have been analyzed, the efficiency of wastewater treatment in troughs with the use of industrial waste has been investigated. The prospects of using environmentally friendly plastic waste (PET, polypropylene, etc.) for the creation of artificial bioengineering structures are noted. An experimental model installation was developed and installed for testing and evaluating the effectiveness of various methods and methods of phytoremediation. Based on the results of experimental studies, a method is proposed for assessing the effectiveness of using various types of filtering nozzles in troughs for purifying wastewater and various types of vegetation in a research model installation. The effectiveness of phytoremediation to reduce the harmful effect of anionic surfactants on the composition of wastewater after the use of foaming agents in extinguishing fires has been analyzed. An analysis of the use of a filter nozzle from defibrated PET containers showed an increase in the efficiency of phytoremediation processes.