This paper reports measuring, modeling, and determining the optimized air ionic composition of the air at industrial premises to ensure safe living and working conditions for workers. The possibility of using saline solutions with different degrees of concentration to increase the number of negative ions in the airspace, as well as the variability of the air flow rate for the process of ionization of the air of industrial premises, has been investigated. Analysis of experimental data revealed that an increase in the concentration of saline solutions leads to a decrease in the release of the number of air ions into the vapor-air space of the room. It is proved that in order to improve air quality, it is advisable to enable air ionization using an ultrasonic air ion generator and the use of demineralized water. The optimal input parameters established for the ultrasonic installation are: s –distance to the ultrasonic installation, 40 cm; v ‒ airflow rate, 6.00 m/s; and c ‒ concentration of salt water solution, 3.3 %. The result reported here could be used in the design and development of a control system for an ultrasonic generator of air ions of ventilation systems and microclimate systems in order to create the most comfortable high-quality ionized air at industrial premises. To find the optimal mode of operation of the ionization process, a representation procedure for a neural network was applied, which was most accurate to determine the optimal parameters for ionizing the airspace of the working room. Optimization was performed using a Feed Forward Bottle Neck Neural Network (FFBN NN) representation. This approach allows one to determine several optimal conditions for the process under study on the basis of a compromise solution.
The article provides the general provisions and features of the application of the zonal-indicative methodology for assessing the impact on the state of the atmospheric air of enterprises from local industrial complexes and its practical approbation. A unified approach to determining the zones of negative influence of industrial objects and their groups on the state of atmospheric air is proposed. Analytical dependencies have been established to determine the physical and linear dimensions of the influence zones. The peculiarities of the method of determining "marker" substances for the conditions of formation of the level of atmospheric pollution due to the activity of local industrial complexes are characterized. An algorithm for implementing the method is proposed, which includes procedures for selecting marker substances of the first order (impact), second order (basic), and third order (specific). Significant parameters for the selection procedure of marker substances and the conditions for differentiating emission sources are substantiated, which allows to ensure the effectiveness of the practical implementation of the method. Approbation of the proposed zonal-indicative methodology was carried out on the example of the Kryukiv Carriage Plant, which is part of the local industrial hub in the southern part of Kremenchuk. The calculation of zones of probable influence and other parameters necessary for the application of the indicative evaluation method was carried out. The inverse problem "technological process -marker substance" has been solved. Measurement points of the maximum one-time surface concentrations of pollutants have been determined. Analytical processing of the results of calculation studies and laboratory (including field) observations was carried out. The obtained calculated values of surface concentrations made it possible to determine the substantiated maximum possible contribution of the object to the formation of the general level of atmospheric air pollution in the southern microdistricts of Kremenchuk. In particular, it was established that the level of acceptability of the possible negative impact should be determined based on the results of calculations of the dispersion of marker pollutants in atmospheric air without taking into account background concentrations.
Представлено результати досліджень щодо розвитку та актуалізації зонального принципу оцінювання впливу потужних промислових об'єктів на стан атмосферного повітря. Проведено критичний аналіз існуючого підходу до встановлення зон негативного впливу промислових підприємств. Встановлено ряд недоліків, що у підсумку обмежують можливості його практичного застосування щодо оцінювання впливу об'єктів у групах та загалом на території урбосистеми. Теоретично обґрунтовано новий підхід до зонального принципу оцінювання. Надано визначення поняттям зон: перекидання факелу викидів, активного забруднення, максимальних приземних концентрацій, максимально можливого забруднення. Запропоновано аналітичний апарат для визначення фізичних та лінійних розмірів вказаних зон негативного впливу. Зокрема, із встановлення чисельних значень для визначення точок дотику факелу викидів і точок формування максимальних приземних концентрацій. Загалом, закладено методологічну основу для розробки способу визначення зон впливу промислових об'єктів на стан атмосферного повітря. Для практичної апробації представленого зонального підходу з використанням фактичних даних обрано потужні промислові підприємства теплоенергетики-теплові електростанції. У якості конкретного об'єкту обрано філію Кременчуцька ТЕЦ ПАТ «Полтаваобленерго». Представлено результати розрахунків із візуалізацією зонального підходу щодо оцінювання впливу на стан атмосферного повітря. Ключові слова: зональний підхід, зона негативного впливу, стан атмосферного повітря, забруднення.
directly related to quality management of environmental components [1, 2]. According to the results of a number of studies conducted on the example of a specific technogenically loaded urban system [1], the basic reasons of the imperfection of the system of environmental monitoring of atmospheric air at the municipal level are determined, namely, the lack of: 6
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