Public service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine has been defined as the main mechanism of these bodies functioning, which is manifested in the multifaceted activities of the staff and employees of the Bureau. The application of the laws of Ukraine “On the State Bureau of Investigations” and “On the State Service” regarding service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigations of Ukraine has been analyzed. It has been concluded that the service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine is a derived concept from the civil service in Ukraine. A number of cases of using the Law of Ukraine “On State Service” rather than the specific Law of Ukraine “On the State Bureau of Investigation” have been given when it comes to service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine. The following signs of service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine have been identified: service focus on satisfying public interests; occupying a public position; the act of appointment to a position or the result of a competition is the basis for the emergence of legal relations (service); the professional basis of prevention, detection, termination, disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses. It has been established that regulatory, organizational, personnel and other principles of service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine have their own specifics compared to public service, although they are covered by this concept. Similar signs of service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine and the public service have been given. Service in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine has been defined as a public, professional, politically impartial activity for the prevention, detection, termination, disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses within their competence, which is carried out by employees appointed to positions in the bodies of the State Bureau of Investigation of Ukraine.

Потреба в безпеці є однією з базових цінностей кожного суспільства. Тому природно, що оцінка ефективності діяльності держави будується на основі не тільки досягнутого рівня матеріального добробуту і соціальної захищеності, але і її здатності забезпечити особисті та майнові права громадян. Здійснення цієї функції безпосередньо залежить від правоохоронних органів, серед яких провідна роль належить Національній поліції України. Саме з діяльністю її працівників найчастіше стикаються в своєму повсякденному житті пересічні громадяни, на основі цієї взаємодії формується їхнє ставлення до держави.Процес демократизації українського суспільства нерозривно пов'язаний зі зміцненням законності, ефективною роботою Національної поліції, забезпеченням прав і законних інтересів громадян, підвищенням рівня їхньої довіри до органів та підрозділів поліції. У вирішенні цих завдань велике значення має зміцнення правової захищеності громадян у сфері прийняття та виконання Національною поліцією адміністративних актів узагалі та адміністративно-юрисдикційних зокрема.У юридичній літературі цій проблемі приділяється недостатня увага, незважаючи на її очевидне науково-практичне значення. Вказаному питанню та загальнотеоретичним аспектам порядку прийняття адміністративних актів у поліції присвятили свої праці такі науковці,

The authors of the article have defined the essence, grounds and procedure for implementing administrative liability for violating the rules of stopping, parking, vehicle parking, in particular they characterize the content of the rules of stopping, parking, vehicle parking, violation of which is the legal basis of liability, i.e. the objective aspect of the subject liable for these violations, the administrative penalties that may be imposed for their commission, the types of entities authorized to consider cases of these violations, as well as the specifics of proceedings in such cases. It has been emphasized that driving cars and other vehicles is becoming more intense every year, which is primarily evidence of the success of technical progress. At the same time, the increase in the number of these funds creates a lot of problems for the organization and safety of road trafficking, as well as for the livelihoods of settlements. It is especially true in large cities, where traffic jams often paralyze the entire traffic. In addition, all of these facilities require storage and parking spaces, which are also chronically lacking. It has been concluded that administrative liability for violating the rules of stopping, parking, vehicle parking has many features that are applied to all its components – the grounds for which are violations of specific rules defined by many regulations, and the subject can be recognized not only the person who directly committed these violations, but also other persons who are named responsible by law; content, i.e. administrative penalties that can be applied without taking into account the general rules of their imposition; procedure for implementation, especially in cases of violating the rules of stopping, parking, vehicle parking recorded in the mode of photography (video). The analysis of these features shows that the legal regulation and practice of administrative penalties for violations of the rules of stopping, parking, vehicle parking need further improvement, primarily in terms of ensuring the rights of those prosecuted.

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The objective of the article is to determine the content and specific features of organizational and legal principles for ensuring the academic autonomy of higher educational institutions. In order to achieve this objective, the authors used the following methods of scientific cognition: dialectical, formal and legal, bibliographic. Problematic issues that are directly related to the implementation of legal norms for ensuring academic autonomy of higher educational institutions have been studied. The authors have formed own definitions of such concepts as “academic autonomy of educational institutions”, “organizational provision of academic autonomy” and “legal provision of academic autonomy”. Historical stages of formation and development of academic autonomy have been considered. Foreign and international norms regarding the observance of academic freedom and honesty in the most developed democratic countries of the world have been characterized. Suggestions for improving academic mobility, academic autonomy and academic freedom both in Ukraine and in the world have been provided.