No abstract

The purpose of this research was to explore the psychological aspects of corruption in public administration through a combination of methods such as the non-systematic review, a semi-structured interview, a survey questionnaire, and observations of the anti-corruption court hearings. The study employed a case research design using the exploratory research strategy. It relied on a combination of data collection methods. The study was designed as a flow of three basic stages such as identification of psychological factors of corruption, validation of factors, and assessment of relative importance of every factor using the Triangular Assessment Method. It provided first-hand evidence and cases for the course in “Psychological, Behavioural and Economic Triggers of Corruption.” The IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0.0.1. Software was used to process the yielded data. The study found that civil servants’ ambitions to get rich quick, their low self-esteem, psychological dependencies, community-accepted image, sense of impunity were the major psychological aspects pushing the people to corruption in Ukraine. It was also found that the sense of impunity could be considered to be the primary psychological impact factor stimulating corruption actions by the civil servants, specifically. The self-esteem could be regarded as a second important psychological factor of corruption in public administration, which is related to the persons’ vision of their role in the community. The third important factor was ambitions driven by ‘easy money’ and status. The last two factors such as psychological dependencies, the community-accepted image were judged to be the least important ones. Further in-depth research is needed to identify the gender difference in the psychological aspects of corruption in public administration.

The relevance of the study is as follows: if the substantive decision of a court or other jurisdiction (offi-cial) is subject to enforcement, the state must provide an effective mechanism for such kind of enforce-ment (otherwise, in case of non-compliance with the decision by the obligated person, protection of rights, freedoms, interests of the person will remain only on paper). An important component of such a mechanism is the system of enforcement of decisions. Therefore, each state faces the question of which system of enforcement of decisions to choose, and here we need the experience of other states that have already passed this path and can already clearly understand the results. The purpose of the article is to consider the experience of foreign states in reforming the system of enforcement of decisions and the legal status of executors in order to implement it in Ukraine. Methodological basis of the scientific arti-cle is general and special methods of scientific research (deductive, analytical, synthesis method, hermeneutic method, comparative, statistical, historical, dialectical and other methods), which were used to cover the topic of the scientific article. The results of the study contain a generalization of the experience of foreign countries in reforming the system of enforcement of decisions and the legal status of executors. The practical significance of the study is that the scientific article analyzes the application of different systems of organization of enforcement of court decisions, other bodies (officials), different approaches to the legal regulation of the legal status of executors. This can be useful for both legal scholars and legal practitioners, as well as anyone interested in reforming executive legislation.

Здійснено аналіз положень нормативно-правових актів України, що закріплюють представництво прокуратурою інтересів держави у визначених законом випадках. Досліджено поняття «інтерес держави» та виокремлено його ознаки як такого, що є об’єктом представницьких повноважень прокурора. Доведено, що застосування прокурором представницьких повноважень на захист інтересів держави у сфері оподаткування є одним із пріоритетних напрямів представницької діяльності органів прокуратури. Виокремлено особливості застосування прокурором представницьких повноважень на захист інтересів держави, порушених унаслідок вчинення діянь, передбачених ст. 212 КК України.

It is researched the current state of tax capacity of united territorial communities