Селекция, семеноводство, технология возделывания и переработка сельскохозяйственных культур: материалы Международной научно-практической конференции -Краснодар: ФГБНУ «ФНЦ риса», 2021. -372 с.Предлагаемый сборник научных материалов составлен на основе представленных докладов, выступлений участников Международной научно-практической конференции «Селекция, семеноводство, технология возделывания и переработка сельскохозяйственных культур», состоявшейся в Федеральном научном центре риса (г. Краснодар) 26-27 августа 2021 года.Представленные в сборнике труды отражают результаты фундаментальных и прикладных исследований в области агропромышленного комплекса. Освещены вопросы селекции, семеноводства, генетики, биотехнологии и молекулярной биологии, защиты, технологии возделывания и переработки сельскохозяйственных культур. Большинство статей подготовлено молодыми учеными научно-исследовательских и образовательных учреждений РФ.Издание адресовано научным работникам, преподавателям, студентам, аспирантам и специалистам сельского хозяйства.

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When creating new resistant varieties of rice of an intensive type, an important aspect of the breeding process is the study of the diversity of cultural genetic resources. In the Krasnodar Territory, in Russia and in the world as a whole, the most harmful and common rice disease is pyricularosis (Pyricularia oryzae Br.et Cav.). The aim of this work was to study the genetic diversity accumulated in the collection of the rice institute (ARRRI, Krasnodar city) for the resistance to the causative agent of pyriculariosis to create a new source material with genes for a wide spectrum of resistance. In the course of studies, the results of phenotypic (1337 samples), immunological (775 samples) and molecular screening (115 samples) of the gene pool of Oryza sativa L. were obtained for the resistance to the pathogen of pyriculariosis. The rate of development of the disease (RDD,%) over the years of testing the general plasma varied within 5.6-85.0%. The proportion of varieties medium resistant to the fungus M. Grisea was significantly higher in almost all countries except Italy and Brazil, where the number of resistant forms was at the level of medium resistant. In the general plasma of Bulgaria, Uruguay, Greece, India and African countries, stable forms were generally absent. The world variety of rice genotypes showing resistance to the local pathogen population has been shown. Screening of the rice gene pool for the presence of the Pi-9 and Pi-k genes made it possible not only to identify carrier donors, but also to establish their frequency of occurrence in the global general plasma. Against a provocative background, the identification of effective resistance genes was carried out using monogenic differentiator lines of Pyricularia oryzae races, 15 resistance genes were isolated.

Within the framework of this study, the first Russian-Chinese joint program for development of rice varieties with long-term blast resistance was launched on the basis of rice germplasm exchange and the subsequent comprehensive study of the obtained breeding samples, hybridization of Russian and Chinese varieties with specified traits. The genetic diversity of the Chinese rice samples obtained by exchange was studied by biological and morphological traits of plants, taxonomic belonging to a botanical variety, elements of the yield structure, and resistance to lodging. 31 hybrid combinations (F1) from the crossing of Russian and Chinese varieties were used to obtain the BC1 generation. The technologies of cultivation of isolated rice anthers in vitro have been optimized in relation to Chinese genotypes in order to accelerate the genetic stabilization of breeding material obtained from crossing. Phenotyping of Russian and Chinese breeding samples was carried out on the basis of resistance to the local population of the blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Hebert) M.E. Barr)), on natural and artificial infectious backgrounds. DNA identification of genes for blast resistance was carried out for the same breeding samples. Based on the experimental data obtained, promising samples were selected - prototypes of new rice varieties.

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