The theoretical and methodological bases of the present study are scientific works, theoretical and methodological developments, current publications of domestic scientists, official normative legal acts, and description of their application in the practical activities of medical organizations providing cosmetology services. This study aimed to examine studies that have focused on the most pressing issues of the legal regulation of medical care to the population of the Russian Federation in the field of cosmetology, identify the main problems associated with the legal regulation of the industry, and summarize the proposals of medical organizations for its improvement. In the study, a survey study was conducted, which allowed researchers to identify and summarize the known literature on this topic, regardless of the publication type and study design. The study presents an analysis of the regulatory and legal regulations of the activities of employees and medical organizations providing services in the field of cosmetology. After completing the initial literature search, the authors analyzed, compared, summarized, and systematized the published information. The analysis made it possible to distribute the data obtained in several key areas of regulatory and legal regulation of domestic cosmetology, i.e., an excursion into history, regulatory and legal support for the activities of a cosmetology medical organization at the present stage, modern requirements for the activities of a doctor, in relation to medical cosmetology care. A content analysis was conducted on the use by medical organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation of the regulatory framework of the cosmetology industry, assessed its effect on the system of providing cosmetological care to the population at the present stage, identified several problems related to the legal regulation of the activities of medical cosmetology organizations and summarized proposals for its improvement.