No abstract

Based on the data of physical and mechanical properties of soils obtained at various construction sites in Moscow, the article discusses in detail the issues of soil compaction and determination of bearing capacity. The article describes various methods of soil compaction, which must be taken into account to determine the value of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the soils laid down in the project. It is especially important at the initial stage to determine the necessary parameters of the compacted base. The described dependences of the deformation modulus and the compaction coefficient for the artificial base were carried out in comparison with engineering and geological data obtained from real objects in the city of Moscow. The analysis of the results obtained for sands with different granulometric composition was carried out and graphs of the dependencies of the data obtained were constructed. The article also describes the controlled parameters when using a compacted sand cushion as an artificial base.

The article presents experience in compaction of a large stratum of collapsible loess soils (type II collapsibility) during the construction of 4 metal tanks with a capacity of 20,000 m3.

In the proposed article the author examines issues determining physical and mechanical soils with organic matter content. Conditional definitions of organic soils depending on the value of the relative organic content matter are determined. The biogenic soils are examined using three groups - peat, blocked soils and sapropels. Depending on the relative content of organic substances, the author compares various peat types. The division of the soils with organic content is presented. A definition of sapropels is presented. The problem of complexity of determination of the amount of organic substances by calcination of samples is described. The current methods used to determine the amount of organic substances currently in Russia isexamined. The paper reviews physical and mechanical properties of organic soils. The on-site test-plate data is compared with laboratory test data. The problems of sapropel tests are described. The results of experimental studies, conducted at a construction site in the new suburban district of Moscow are shown.