The article is devoted to a study of the issues related to the processes of reducing the greenhouse gas emissions using different types of biofuels. The dynamics of carbon dioxide emissions in the global energy sector were analyzed and it was determined that a stable level of the CO 2 emissions in the last three years is due to introduction of the technologies with the use of renewable energy sources by developed countries. It was proven that the assessment of total greenhouse gas emissions requires an analysis of emissions throughout the life cycle of a biofuel. The impact of a biofuel on the climate change depends on the raw material from which it is produced, and which has a decisive influence on its chemical composition and performance. It was established that a significant role in ensuring energy security and preventing climate change is attributed to the development of biotechnologies, unrelated to the risks of agricultural production. The use of a biofuel from lignocellulose raw material may be more efficient in terms of reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. A biofuel, obtained from the processing of microalgae, also has important prospects. The ability of microalgae to bind atmospheric carbon dioxide may have a positive effect on solving the problem of greenhouse effect.

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У статті проведено аналіз ефективності реалізації муніципальних програм у сфері поводження з домашніми тваринами на прикладі міста Миколаєва. Розглянуто досвід розвинених країн світу у вирішенні зазначеної проблеми. Обґрунтовано важливість введення обов'язкової реєстрації та ідентифікації домашніх тварин. Визначено комплекс дієвих заходів щодо регулювання чисельності бездоглядних домашніх тварин і покращення екологічної та санітарно-епідеміологічної ситуації на території населеного пункту. Ключові слова: поводження з домашніми тваринами, бездоглядні тварини, ідентифікація та реєстрація домашніх тварин, стерилізація домашніх тварин, регулювання популяції бездоглядних тварин. Анализ эффективности реализации муниципальных программ в сфере обращения с домашними животными. Махова М.А., Литвак С.М., Литвак О.А. В статье проведен анализ эффективности реализации муниципальных программ в сфере обращения с домашними животными на примере города Николаева. Рассмотрен опыт развитых стран мира в решении указанной проблемы. Обоснована важность введения обязательной регистрации и идентификации домашних животных. Определен комплекс действенных мер по регулированию численности безнадзорных домашних животных и улучшению экологической и санитарно-эпидемиологической ситуации на территории населенного пункта. Ключевые слова: обращение с домашними животными, безнадзорные животные, идентификация и регистрация животных, стерилизация домашних животных, регулирование популяции безнадзорных животных. Analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of municipal programs in the field of handling pets. Makhova M., Litvak S., Litvak O. The article analyzes the effectiveness of the implementation of municipal programs in the field of handling pets on the example of the city of Mykolayiv. The experience of developed countries of the world in solving this problem is considered. The importance of introducing compulsory registration and identification of pets has been substantiated. A set of effective measures for regulating the number of stray domestic animals and improving the ecological and sanitary-epidemiological situation on the territory of the settlement has been determined.

Серія: Економіка та підприємництво, 2020 р., № 4 (115) protective, and biological functions and have a quite uneven location. The dry climate contributes to the occurrence of steppe and forest fires. Therefore, the problem of conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems, including forests, is rather relevant. It has been determined that the low percentage of forest cover, features of climatic conditions, composition of vegetation species, high level of territory utilization and the density of residing population have a considerable influence on the processes of formation of conditions, on which the frequency, intensity and prevalence of forest fires in the Mykolaiv region are dependent. The most frequent factor of forest fires are associated with the anthropogenic factors. Typical anthropogenic causes of forest fires are as follows: non-compliance with fire safety measures, uncontrolled grass arson during the fire-hazardous season; deliberate arson. It has been substantiated that weather and climatic conditions also have a significant impact on the occurrence of fires in the natural ecosystems of the region. The reasons of the high probability of forest fires in the Mykolaiv region are high air temperature, minor amount of precipitations and wind conditions. The analysis of dynamics of forest fires amounts in the Mykolaiv region for years 2000-2018 has been conducted. Forest fires in the territory of the Mykolaiv region annually are quite widespread in the spring-summer period. During the mentioned period there are some fluctuations in the number of forest fires in the region by year. The majority of the fires registered in the territory of the Mykolaiv region belong to grassland fires. The main economic, social, and ecological consequences of fires in natural ecosystems of the Mykolaiv region have been determined. During the period of 2010-2018 the most significant economic losses of the forestry of the Mykolaiv region were caused by fires in 2017. A set of forestry, organizational and technical measures has been substantiated in order to increase fire resistance and to reduce the number of fires in the forests of the Mykolaiv region.

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