Consumption of onion has been associated with reduced incidence of chronic diseases. Phenolic, organosulfur and carbohydrate compounds present are largely responsible for these effects. This study examined compositional variation for health-enhancing compounds in a genetically diverse collection of onion cultivars. Total antioxidant activity and aroma profiles were characterized. Significant variation in bulb concentration for total and individual phenolic compounds, thiosulfinates, carbohydrates, and total and soluble solids was found. The range of variation was particularly large (>50-fold difference between the cultivars with the highest and lowest content) for fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and the polyphenols quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate. Amino acid profiles varied significantly as well with substantial variation (~10 fold) observed in both total and essential amino acids. Total antioxidant activity was positively correlated with polyphenols content, and quercetin in particular (r = 0.83), suggesting a major contribution from phenolic compounds to onion antioxidant properties. Significant positive correlation was also found between solids and thiosulfinates content (r = 0.74) and between solids and FOS (r = 0.81), suggesting a dilution/concentration effect for organosulfur compounds and FOS in onion bulbs. The present study revealed broad variation for health-enhancing compounds content in # Both authors contribute equal to this work. * Corresponding author. E. M. Insani et al. 578 onion germplasm, which can be exploited in breeding programs aiming at increasing onion nutraceutical value.

IntroducciónLa cebadilla criolla (Bromus catharticus ( ( Vahl.) es uno de los pastos nativos más cultivado en Argentina y es una de las pocas especies forrajeras autóctonas que se cultiva en Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Ecuador, Perú y Uruguay e inclusive en el Sur de los Estados Unidos.Se caracteriza por poseer numerosas ramifi caciones basales (macollos) algunas de las cuales producen cañas fl oríferas en cuyo extremo está la infl orescencia. Las infl orescencias corresponden a panojas laxas con espiguillas achatadas, cada una de las cuales contiene de seis a doce semillas grandes. Posee dos tipos de fl oración, cleistógama y chasmógama. No obstante, se considera una especie autógama facultativa debido a su baja tasa de alogamia (Cladera and Pahlen 1984;Naranjo 1985; Pahlen 1986;Morant 1990; Aulicino y Arturi, 2002).Es una especie anual o bianual de ciclo otoño-invierno-primaveral con alta capacidad de implantación y buen crecimiento inicial. Se consocia muy bien con otras especies, formando pasturas de óptima calidad en las cuales perdura por muchos años a causa de su gran producción de semillas y su destacado comportamiento en la resiembra natural (Wolff et al., 1996 Over a two-year period, 13 genotypes of rescue grass were evaluated in a completely randomized design with six replications. The correlation coeffi cients and the path coeffi cient were analysed over nine characters related to seed production. Genotypic variability was signifi cant for total seeds per panicle in the second year (p = 0.019), fl ag leaf length was signifi cant in both years (p = 0.039 and 0.045, respectively), and the number of tillers per plant was signifi cant in the fi rst year (p = 0.003). For the rest of the characters, variability was highly signifi cant (p ≤ 0.001). The relationship between genotype and the environment interaction was signifi cant for the following characteristics: the number of tillers per plant (p = 0.003), the number of panicles per plant (p = 0.010), the width of the fl ag leaf (p = 0.010) and the 1000 seeds weight (p = 0.047). For the remaining characters, the interaction was not signifi cant. Path coeffi cient analyses demonstrated that the total number of seeds per panicle and the number of spikelets per panicle were the main components that determined seed yield. The contribution of these components was infl uenced by other characters, such as panicle and fl ag leaf lengths. Therefore, these can be considered to be secondary yield components. The following four components: the number of total seeds per panicle, the number of spikelets per panicle, the panicle length and the fl ag leaf length rendered a total determination for this system that explained 83.36 % and 81.61 % of the phenotypic variation for the number of fully developed seeds per panicle each year.

No abstract

No abstract

Revista FAVE -Ciencias Agrarias 3 ( RESUMENEl zapallito redondo de tronco [Cucurbita maxima var. zapallito (Carr.) Millán] se cultiva en los cinturones verdes y zonas de primicias del noroeste y noreste de Argentina. Para comparar las técnicas de implantación de cultivo en siembra directa y transplante, y evaluar su efecto sobre la precocidad y el rendimiento de diferentes materiales genéticos, se realizó un ensayo considerando como tratamientos las dos técnicas de implantación mencionadas anteriormente combinadas con los cultivares Any y Any Plus, y el híbrido Ángelo F 1 . El diseño experimental fue bloques completos aleatorizados con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron la mayor precocidad para el híbrido Ángelo F 1 con transplante. Esa misma combinación de tratamientos presentó la mayor cantidad de frutos por planta. En cambio, con el cultivar Any Plus mediante transplante se observaron los frutos de mayor peso a la cosecha (madurez comercial), pero sin diferenciarse estadísticamente del resto debido a la existencia de interacción significativa genotipo x técnica de implantación.