-Quantifying patterns of prey resource use is fundamental to identify mechanisms enabling the coexistence of related fish species. Trophic interactions between the native brown trout, Salmo trutta, and the introduced brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, were studied monthly from May to October in three mountain streams in Central Europe (Czech Republic). To evaluate whether the feeding habits differ between separated and coexisting populations of these species, one locality where both species coexist, and two allopatric populations of either species were studied. Across the study period, the mean stomach fullness of fish varied, being highest in spring and declining through autumn. The diet overlap (Schoener's overlap index) between the species increased through the studied season (from 54.5% in July to 81.5% in October). In allopatry, both species had nearly the same feeding habits. However, in sympatry, brook trout consumed higher proportion of terrestrial invertebrates, while brown trout showed no changes either in the proportions of aquatic and terrestrial prey utilized or in the selectivity for prey categories in comparison to allopatric conditions. The dietary shift observed for brook trout, but not for brown trout, suggests that brown trout is a stronger competitor in the studied sympatric locality, leading the brook trout to change its feeding habits to reduce interspecific competition.Keywords: feeding behaviour / salmonids / coexistence / overlap / diet Résumé -Habitudes alimentaires de l'omble de fontaine exogène Salvelinus fontinalis et de la truite indigène Salmo trutta dans les ruisseaux de montagne tchèques. La quantification des modes d'utilisation des ressources est essentielle pour identifier les mécanismes permettant la coexistence d'espèces de poissons proches. Les interactions trophiques entre la truite brune indigène, Salmo trutta et l'omble de fontaine introduit, Salvelinus fontinalis, ont été étudiées mensuellement de mai à octobre dans trois cours d'eau de montagne en Europe centrale (République tchèque). Pour évaluer si les habitudes alimentaires diffèrent entre les populations séparées et coexistantes de ces espèces, une localité où les deux espèces coexistent et deux populations allopatriques de l'une ou l'autre espèce ont été étudiées. Au cours de la période étudiée, la plénitude gastrique moyenne des poissons a varié, étant la plus élevée au printemps et diminuant à l'automne. Le chevauchement du régime (indice de chevauchement de Schoener) entre les espèces a augmenté au cours de la saison étudiée (de 54,5 % en juillet à 81,5 % en octobre). En allopatrie, les deux espèces avaient pratiquement les mêmes habitudes alimentaires. Cependant, en sympatrie, l'omble de fontaine a consommé une proportion plus élevée d'invertébrés terrestres, tandis que la truite brune n'a montré aucun changement ni dans les proportions de proies aquatiques et terrestres utilisées ni dans la sélectivité pour les catégories de proies en comparaison aux conditions allopatriques. Le changement de régime...
Three populations of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, established in streams and reservoirs in the Jizersk? Mountains, Czech Republic, were studied between 1995 and 2006. The maximum age was usually 3+ to 4+, but the age 7+ was also recorded. The inflows of all reservoirs are populated mostly by 0+ to 2+ brook trout, while older specimens live in a lentic environment, migrating to lotic habitats only to spawn. The density of brook trout in streams ranged from 8 to 95 individuals per 100 m2 during spring and summer, while that for reservoirs ranged between 31 and 290 individuals per ha. A strong negative correlation between the size of adult fish and population density in reservoirs was observed. The type of management influenced both density and growth of brook trout. Further introduction of this species in the central European area should be restricted to habitats where native salmonids cannot survive, such as acidified waters.
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