The urgency of the problem under investigation is caused by the fact that the system of the settlement is the basis and the indicator showing the change in the spatial characteristics, as well as a measure and the reflector of the nature of social and economic processes in a particular area, in this case -Kazan County. The purpose of the article is to familiarize with the first attempts to implement spatial and statistical analysis of data on rural settlement in the middle of the XIX century using the methods of modern computer technology. Leading techniques to the study of this problem are the methods of spatial and spatial-statistical analysis of the data. To visualize the settlement structure of the Kazan district an electronic cartographic base was used, established on the basis of the map of 1910. The localization of the settlements accounted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1859, and a spatial analysis of the current settlement system revealed the areas of the greatest concentration of the settlements, relatively uniform distribution of settlements on the existing three county units of the County and uneven distribution of different their types, socio-ethnic and religious heterogeneity of the population, the direction of the main vector of economic and economic development, the beginnings of the industrial production in the county. Study materials are the most time-consuming and defining step in the creation of the historical geographic information system (GIS).

Relevance of the topic is due to the prevailing in modern science trend-complex study of society, not only in time but also in space, established thanks to the convergence and integration of Arts and Sciences. The paper aims to describe our own experience of association within the framework of a single information field of full-text data sources, mainly registration, accounting and statistics data (cadastres, scribe and census books) and maps to represent in terms of spatial coordinates the social stratification of the city Sviyazhsk and its surroundings in the XVII century. The leading method in the research of this problem is that of geo-information technologies. The main results of this work were the establishment of historical sources database of the period under study, data formalization of the written sources, compiling the geographic basis of geo-information system (GIS), digitization and creation of vectorized base of geo-data (BGD), which allows to localize and identify the settlement of Sviyazhsk County. The paper materials will be useful for further research and for model development of a settlement structure, farm tenure and land use, social stratification of the population and multifaceted relationships of towns and villages (peasantry) in the Middle Volga area in the second half of the XVII century.