Previous studies implicated cardiotonic steroids, including Na/K-ATPase inhibitor marinobufagenin (MBG), in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Recently, we demonstrated that (i) MBG induces fibrosis in rat tissues via a mechanism involving Fli1, a negative regulator of collagen-1 synthesis, and (ii) MBG sensitive Na/K-ATPase inhibition is reversed by mineralocorticoid antagonists. We hypothesized that in human PE elevated MBG level is associated with the development of fibrosis of the umbilical arteries and that this fibrosis can be attenuated by canrenone. Fifteen patients with PE (mean BP = 118 ± 4 mmHg; 34 ± 2 years; 38 ± 0.3 weeks gest. age) and twelve gestational age-matched normal pregnant subjects (mean BP = 92 ± 2 mmHg; 34 ± 1 years; 39 ± 0.2 weeks gest. age) were enrolled in the study. PE was associated with a higher plasma MBG level, with a four-fold decrease in Fli1 level and a three-fold increase in collagen-1 level in the PE umbilical arteries vs. those from the normal subjects (p < 0.01). Isolated rings of umbilical arteries from the subjects with PE exhibited impaired responses to the relaxant effect of sodium nitroprusside vs. control vessels (EC50 = 141 nmol/L vs. EC50 = 0.9 nmol/L; p < 0.001). The effects of PE on Fli1 and collagen-1 were blocked by the in vitro treatment of umbilical arteries by 10 μmol/L canrenone. Similar results were obtained for umbilical arteries pretreated with MBG. These data demonstrate that elevated MBG level is implicated in the development of the fibrosis of umbilical arteries in PE, and that this could be blocked by mineralocorticoid antagonists.
BACKGROUND Previous studies implicated cardiotonic steroids, including Na/K-ATPase inhibitor marinobufagenin (MBG), in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). We demonstrated that MBG induces fibrosis via mechanism involving inhibition of Fli1, a nuclear transcription factor and a negative regulator of collagen-1 synthesis. We hypothesized that PE blockade of increased MBG with antibody would lessen the fibrosis of umbilical arteries and lower the blood pressure in rats with PE. METHODS We tested 36 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats in which 12 were made hypertensive by 1.8% Na supplementation (days 6–19 of gestation), 12 pregnant rats served controls. At day 19, PE rats received one intraperitoneal injection of polyclonal anti-MBG-4 antibody (0.5 ug/ml) for 4 hours. RESULTS PE was associated with higher blood pressure (117 ± 2 vs. 107 ± 2 mm Hg; P < 0.01), plasma MBG levels (1.54 ± 0.34 vs. 0.49 ± 0.11 nmol/L; P < 0.01), protein excretion (26 vs. 12 mg/24 hours), sFlt-1 (3-fold), decrease in Fli1 (7-fold) and increase in collagen-1 in aorta (4-fold) vs. control rats (all P < 0.01). In 12 rats treated with polyclonal anti-MBG-4 antibody blood pressure dropped (93 ± 3 mm Hg) and Fli1 was decreased much less (2-fold; P < 0.01 vs. nontreated rats). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that in experimental PE elevated MBG level is implicated in umbilical fibrosis via suppression of Fli1.
Цель работы -выявить морфологические изменения нейронов гиппокампа крыс после длительного (12-месячного) потребления избыточных доз фтора в ионном виде (F -).Материал и методы. Самцы крыс линии Вистар были разделены на 4 группы. Животные из контрольной группы получали питьевую воду с фоновым содержанием F -0.4 мг/л, крысам из других групп давали ту же воду с 5, 20 и 50 мг/л F -(в виде NaF). Морфологическое состояние нейронов зон СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа оценивали после окраски срезов мозга толуидиновым синим по методу Ниссля.Результаты. Длительная интоксикация крыс Fпривела к дезорганизации клеточного слоя и снижению численной плотности пирамидных нейронов в полях СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа, что, вероятнее всего, свидетельствует о гибели части клеток. В нейронах обеих зон гиппокампа визуализировались такие патологические изменения, как неравномерное распределение вещества Ниссля, смещение ядер к периферии, вакуолизация цитоплазмы. Некоторые нейроны набухали, другие, наоборот, сморщивались, выявлялись клетки веретенообразной формы и нейроны с винтообразными отростками. В гиппокампе крыс, получавших F -, снижалось число нормохромных, но увеличивалось количество гиперхромных и гипохромных нейронов.Заключение. Установлено, что длительное потребление крысами Fв избыточных дозах индуцирует дистрофические и некробиотические изменения пирамидных нейронов в зонах СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа. Обнаруженные патологические изменения могут быть причиной нарушения межнейронных связей в гиппокампе и приводить к развитию различных неврологических и когнитивных расстройств.
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