Introduction: There are manifold effects on neuro-endocrine and metabolic systems due to critical illness. Abnormalities in thyroid hormone levels in a critically-ill patient with no pre-existing hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid dysfunction is seen in Euthyroid sick syndrome or Non thyroidal illness syndrome. The understanding of different endocrinal changes in acute phase of critical illness may help us to intervene early and improve by pharmacological intervention. Materials and Methods: Critically ill children admitted in PICU, RIMS, Ranchi, aged 29 days to 17 years. Results: In our study, it was seen that FT3 and FT4 were low at admission at admission in critically ill children. And among them, the non-survivors had significantly lower values compared to survivors. Discussion: Among this critically ill patient, more than 70% of patients have shown low free T3 (Type I NTIS) and around 50% of low free T4 levels and free T3 levels (Type II NTIS). We have done this study to assess the thyroid dysfunction in critically ill children admitted in our PICU and its correlation with disease severity and clinical outcome.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is a clinically heterogenous condition with a wide range of etiological factors and causing significant public health burden. If diagnosed at an earlier age, early interventions can be started this leads to functional outcome of children with ASD with respect to social, behavior and occupational sphere. Therefore, early detection and intervention are widely recommended in these children. So screening of toddlers who were identified to be “at risk” can be diagnosed using screening questionnaires by interviewing parents. Overall with this study we can conclude that, toddlers identified to be “at risk” and those diagnosed with ASD were not uncommon and M-CHAT-R is a useful screening test for the identification of “at risk” toddlers for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Jharkhand.