US and sEMG measurements can be used for objective TrA/LM assessment. Correlation results suggest that the relative change of the muscle thickness could be used as the indicator of the muscle activity. Insight into the activity of TrA/LM in pain-free individuals and LBP patients during and after painful episodes may clarify the role of functional abnormalities of these muscles in LBP.
Both experienced and trained novice raters provided reliable measurements of TrA and LM thickness in participants with LBP and healthy participants, during rest and contraction. One-time measurements were similar to averaged measurements. Small absolute errors were observed. Public trial registry: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613001077752.
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