During the development of the fetus a series of reflexes called primitive reflexes are formed which are involuntary, stereotyped, first and dominant forms of movements during intrauterine life and the first year after birth. Reflexes are of great importance for survival and development, caused by external stimuli and controlled by the brainstem and nervous system, such as messages that are quickly transmitted from the brainstem to the muscles to perform a specific function. At the beginning they are necessary for the nutrition, survival, protection of the new-born, and later in life they are important for the process of learning, communication, emotions, motivation. In typical development, primary reflexes are naturally inhibited in particular order during the first year; they are displaced by substitutional reflexes called postural reflexes. Postural reflexes are more mature models of motor responses that coordinate balance, coordination and senso-motor development. Retained primitive reflexes can cause developmental delays that are associated with disorders such as ADHD, autism, learning difficulties, cerebral palsy, dyslexia, dystonia, behaviour disorders and sensory processing disorders.Routine testing of primitive reflexes helps determine the causes of disharmonic development, behavioural problems or learning difficulties, and the use of the reflex integration methods leads to a significant improvement of the condition.