Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh insektisida botani ekstrak daun sirsak dan insektisida IGR diflubenzuron terhadap mortalitas dan perkembangan kepik hijau (Nezara viridula). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2018 di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan dan Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan kontrol (P0), ekstrak daun sirsak konsentrasi 4% (P1), ekstrak daun sirsak konsentrasi 8% (P2), ekstrak daun sirsak konsentrasi 12% (P3), dan IGR diflubenzuron konsentrasi 0,1% (P4). Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali yang digunakan sebagai kelompok. Setiap satuan percobaan menggunakan 10 ekor nimfa N. viridula instar II. Variabel yang diamati adalah mortalitas nimfa dan perkembangan N. viridula (umur instar, kecacatan nimfa, dan imago terbentuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak daun sirsak dan insektisida IGR diflubenzuron berpengaruh nyata terhadap mortalitas dan menghambat perkembangan N. viridula. Insektisida IGR berbahan aktif diflubenzuron lebih cepat menyebabkan kematian (100%) pada 10 HSA dibandingkan ekstrak daun sirsak yang menyebabkan kematian (87,67%) pada 21 HSA. Insektisida IGR diflubenzuron dan ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki pengaruh terhadap perkembangan serangga Nezara viridula yang menyebabkan terjadinya kecacatan pada nimfa dan imago serta menghambat terbentuknya imago. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi masing-masing insektisida efektif terhadap mortalitas dan perkembangan hama N. viridula.
Abstract. Hasibuan R, Cindowarni O, Lumbanraja J, Lumbanraja FR. 2022. Impact of soil fertilization on arthropod abundance and diversity on soybean agroecosystem. Biodiversitas 23: 1828-1835. Arthropods are biotic components that play an important role in the ecosystem. The field experiment consisting five fertilizer treatments: 100% NPK, 100% organic fertilizer, 100% NPK and 50% organic fertilizer, 50% NPK and 100% organic fertilizer, and no fertilizer was conducted to study the arthropod abundance and diversity in soybean agroecosystem. Pitfall traps were set up for collecting soil arthropods, while data for foliar arthropods were obtained by visual observation. During the study, the soybean agroecosystem was inhabited by 2756 arthropods that belong to 64 families. The results of arthropod community composition indicated that soil and foliar arthropods were most dominated by Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Predators were the most abundant in pitfall traps and herbivores with a visual inspection. Additionally, predators had the highest number of families. Soil fertilizer treatments had a significant impact on the abundance of foliar arthropods and soil arthropods. The highest numbers of foliar arthropods were found in soybean plants treated by inorganic fertilizer (NPK) either alone or in combination. However, soil arthropods were most abundant in soybean treated by organic fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizers to the soybean agroecosystem was able to increase the diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods and foliage-inhabiting arthropods across sampling periods.
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