Background: There is a huge demand for efficient strategies for maintaining cognitive wellbeing with age, especially in the context of population aging. Dementia constitutes the main reason for disability and dependency in the elderly. Identification of potential risk and protective factors, as well as determinants of conversion from MCI to dementia, is therefore crucial. In case of Alzheimer’s disease, the most prevalent dementia syndrome amongst the members of modern societies, neurodegenerative processes in the brain can begin many years before first clinical symptoms appear. First functional changes typically mean advanced neuron loss, therefore, the earliest possible diagnosis is critical for implementation of promising early pharmaceutical interventions. Objective: The study aimed to discuss the relationships between both circulating and brain cholesterol with cognition, and explore its potential role in early diagnosis of cognitive disorders. Methods: Literature review. Results: The causal role of high cholesterol levels in AD or MCI has not been confirmed. It has been postulated that plasma levels of 24(S)-OHC can potentially be used as an early biochemical marker of altered cholesterol homeostasis in the CNS. Some studies brought conflicting results, finding normal or lowered levels of 24(S)-OHC in dementia patients compared to controls. In spite of decades of research on the relationship between cholesterol and dementia, so far, no single trusted indicator of an early cognitive deterioration has been identified. Conclusion: The current state of knowledge makes the use of cholesterol markers of cognitive decline in clinical practice impossible
Przyjmowanie leków w późnej dorosłości -potrzeba edukacji zdrowotnejMedication use in the elderly -the need for health educationStreszczenie. Ogólnoświatowy trend wskazujący na rosnącą oczekiwaną długość życia i wzrost w demograficznej strukturze wielu społeczeństw odsetka osób w wieku emerytalnym powoduje, iż edukacja zdrowotna seniorów stanowi obecnie niezwykle ważne zagadnienie. Niewystarczające przygotowanie do zapobiegania i radzenia sobie z licznie występujący-mi w zaawansowanym wieku zagrożeniami sygnalizują konieczność zwiększenia potencjału wiedzy i umiejętności tej grupy osób w zakresie zdrowia. Artykuł ma na celu podjęcie zagadnienia farmakoterapii wieku podeszłego, które może wiązać się ze -stosunkowo rzadko opracowywanym -nadużywaniem i uzależnieniem od leków u osób starszych oraz wynikającymi z nich problemami natury medycznej, psychologicznej i społecznej. Uświadomienie zarówno problemów związanych ze starością, jak i pozytywnych jej aspektów, a także przekazanie zasad farmakoterapii seniorom jest kluczowe w sytuacji braku dobrze przemyślanej polityki wobec ochrony zdrowia osób starszych.Słowa kluczowe: starzenie się, edukacja zdrowotna, przyjmowanie leków, uzależnienieSummary. Worldwide tendency of a rising life expectancy among populations, resulting in an increase of the retired in the demographic structure, makes the senior health education an extremely important issue. Insufficient preparation to prevent and cope with multiple health threats associated with aging indicates an urgent need to increase seniors' knowledge and skills in the area of health. The paper aims at depicting geriatric pharmacotherapy that entails medication abuse and dependency among the elderly, both resulting in serious problems of medical, psychological, and sociological nature. Educating on both negative and positive aspects of aging, as well as the pharmaceutical use are essential considering the lack of proper health care policy for the elderly.
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