Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a single-celled parasite belonging to the genus Plasmodium. There are more than 100 different species but Plasmodium falciparum is the deadliest among humans. 1 Malaria threatens the lives of more than one-third of the world's population and it remains a major killer of humans worldwide. The disease exists mainly in the tropical areas of Asia, Africa, and America, where it infects millions of people. Each year, 350 to 500 million cases of malaria occur worldwide 2 and more than 1 million of its victims, mostly young children and pregnant women, die annually. 2,3 It is known that malarial infection is accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the malarial parasites are sensitive to oxidative damage. 3 The univalent reduction of oxygen results in a series of cytotoxic oxygen species such as superoxide anions (O2-) , hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (OH-). 4 These highly ROS can cause a wide-spectrum of cell damage including lipid peroxidation, inactivation of enzymes, alteration of intracellular oxidation-reduction state and damage to DNA. 5-7
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