Background Emigration of Nigerian doctors, including those undergoing training, to the developed countries in Europe and Americas has reached an alarming rate. Objective This study aimed at assessing the prevalence, pattern, and determinants of migration intention among doctors undergoing residency and internship training programmes in the public tertiary hospitals in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using a quantitative data collected from 182 doctors undergoing residency and internship training at the two tertiary hospitals. An adapted semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on migration intention among the eligible respondents. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate data analyses were done. The level of significance was determined at p-value < 0.05. Results Majority (53.9%) of doctors undergoing training were between 30–39 years, and the mean age was 33.2 ± 5.7 years, male respondents were 68.1%, and 53.8% of the respondents were married. The proportion of doctors undergoing training who had the intention to migrate abroad to practice was 74.2%. A higher proportion of the internship trainees, 79.5%, intended to migrate abroad to practice while the proportion among the resident doctors, was 70.6%. Among the respondents who intended to migrate abroad to practice, 85(63%) intend to migrate abroad within the next 2 years, while the preferred countries of destination were the United Kingdom 65(48.2%), Canada 29 (21.5%), Australia 20 (14.8%) and the United States 18(13.3%). Seventy percent of respondents who intend to migrate abroad had started working on implementation of their intention to migrate abroad. The majority of the junior resident doctors, 56(72.7%), intend to migrate abroad compared with the senior resident doctors, 21(27.3%), (χ2 = 14.039; p < 0.001). The determinants of migration intention are the stage of residency training and level of job satisfaction. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of migration intention among the doctors undergoing training in the public tertiary hospitals in Ekiti State, Nigeria, with the majority already working on their plans to migrate abroad. Doctors undergoing training who are satisfied with their job and those who are in the senior stage of residency training programme are less inclined to migrate abroad. Recommendations The hospital management in the tertiary hospitals should develop retention strategies for human resources for health, especially doctors undergoing training in their establishment, to avert the possible problems of dearth of specialists in the tertiary health facilities. Also, necessary support should be provided for the residency training programme in the tertiary health institutions to make transition from junior to senior residency stage less strenuous.

Context:Mental disorders are major contributors to the burden of diseases all over the world. In general practice, which provides essentially primary care, depression is the most common mental disorder seen and often goes unrecognized.Aims:The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of depression, the variables associated with depression, and the degree of recognition by the Physician in family medicine unit.Setting and Design:A cross-sectional descriptive survey of consecutive patients who presented at the general medical out-patient unit of the State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria was done.Materials and Methods:Data were collected using a questionnaire incorporating sociodemographic variables and primary diagnosis made by attending Physician. Depression was assessed with the PHQ-9.Results:Two hundred and seventy two patients were interviewed during the period of the study. Participants were mostly of 45 years or older (51.2%), female (59.9%), married (68.4%), and educated (85.7%). One hundred and thirty (47.8%) of the respondents had significant depressive symptoms with majority (49.2%) being classified as mild. Statistical analysis revealed significant association between depression and age, gender, marital status, and clinical diagnoses (P < 0.05). Over a quarter (28.7%) were presented with infectious diseases, other diagnoses made included cardiovascular disorders (15.8%), endocrine disorders (8.8%), psychiatric disorders other than depression (2.9%) and none had depression as primary diagnosis.Conclusions:The prevalence of depression among patients attending the general medical out-patient clinics is high and highly under-recognised.

Introduction:Prescription medicines constitute a significant proportion of total healthcare expenditure in many countries of the world. Nonrational prescribing by healthcare providers contributes significantly to this relatively high proportion. In many developing countries of the world, a significant proportion of the population pays “out of pocket” to access healthcare, sometimes leading to catastrophic healthcare expenditure. Healthcare insurance is a form of healthcare financing that promotes judicious use of the resources and ensuring the cost-effectiveness of interventions through the use of affordable drugs. The main objective of this study was to compare concurrently the prescribing practices in the general outpatients' clinic (noninsured patients) and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) clinic (patients with insurance coverage).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the general outpatients' and the “NHIS” clinics of the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, South-western Nigeria. The medical records of patients, who attended these two clinics between the 1st March and 30th June 2014 were retrieved and used for the study.Results:The average number of prescribed drugs for patients attending the general outpatients' clinic was 3.9 ± 2.0 while that from the NHIS clinic was 4.1 ± 1.6 (P = 0.24). Prescribing by generic names was done in 48.2 ± 23.8% and 45.8 ± 22.9% of prescriptions from the general outpatients' and NHIS clinic, respectively. Percentage of encounters with antibiotics was 49.4% and 33.6% of patients who attended the NHIS and general outpatients' clinics, respectively.Conclusion:There was a trend to having more medicines prescribed and more encounters with antibiotics among patients enrolled under the health insurance scheme.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the commonest gastrointestinal emergencies.Endoscopy done within the first 24 hours of bleeding has been shown to be the most reliable means of establishing the source of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. This study was carried out to determine the aetiology and management outcome of patients with UGIB presenting at our facility located in Southwest Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 67 patients who presented with UGIB and underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between April 2010 and March 2011 at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH), Ado-Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria were retrospectively studied, relevant data extracted and analysed. RESULTS: The demographic data of the patients showed a mean age of 41.84± 12.81 years, (ages ranged from 17 to 75 years), 40 (59.7%) were males while 27 (40.3%) were females giving a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Clinical presentations included haematemesis and melena in 26 (38.8%), followed by haematemesis in 22 (32.8%) and melena in 19 (28.4%) of the patients. Antral mucosal erosions were the commonest cause of UGIB (49%), followed by peptic ulcer disease (25.4%), varices (11.9%) and gastric mass (1.5%). No cause for UGIB was found in 8 cases (11.9%). Endoscopy diagnostic accuracy was greater within the first 24 hours of the bleeding onset compared to those who had it done later (p<0.003). Three patients died giving a mortality rate of 4.5%. These deaths were recorded from among the variceal bleeding group giving a mortality rate of 42.9% in this group of patients. CONCLUSION: Antral mucosal erosions were the commonest cause of UGIB in our environment. NSAIDS intake was very high among the populace, especially in mucosal erosion group leading to high morbidity, absent from work and huge financial cost. It is recommended that serious awareness campaigns be mounted to educate the populace of the dangers inherent in indiscriminate use of NSAIDS in our society. As endoscopy diagnostic accuracy was greater within the first 24 hours of the bleeding onset, it is equally recommended that early endoscopy should be performed within 24 h of the onset of bleeding.

Background/Objectives: Family planning is a proven and effective intervention for preventing maternal and infant mortalities. The study was conducted to examine the sociodemographic characteristics and contraceptive choices among clients attending the family planning clinic of Ekiti