Purpose: The study aimed to examine the phenomenon of diglossic code-switching in religious discourse used by preachers of Friday mosques in Jordan when they deliver their Friday sermon.  Methodology: To achieve the study objective, the researcher recorded (21) Friday sermons from three different geographical locations: cities, villages, and plains. The study primarily investigated the types of functions, the forms of code-switching and subject matters that make Friday preachers code-switch from high variety to low variety. A descriptive analysis was performed by the researcher. Main Findings: The study reveals that diglossic code-switching is purposeful and functional serving ten sociolinguistic functions such as clarity and simplicity, giving directions, warnings, etc. The analysis also reveals that Arabic consists of high variety (standard) and low variety (nonstandard). Even though high variety is much better and is frequently used in official settings, there are instances in which low variety is used because high variety does not meet Arabic speakers' daily- life communication. The study also concludes Arabic is not a pigeonholed variety as Ferguson's claimed.  Therefore, Friday preachers vacillate from high to low variety to serve certain sociolinguistic functions. The research results also found three forms of code-switching: extra- sentential or tag-Switching, inter-sentential and intra-sentential. Extra-sentential was the most frequently used in the study. Implication: This paper can be useful to a better understanding of the phenomenon of diglossic code-switching in the religious discourse in sociolinguistics in general and in particular studying the linguistic features of cod-switching in the religious discourse in the Arab world. Novelty: No studies were conducted on diglossic code-switching in the religious discourse by Friday sermons not only in Jordan even in the Middle East.

This article examines African binarism in Ama Ata Aidoo’s play, The Dilemma of a Ghost. The concept of binarism encompasses the nostalgic predilection for the homeland yet, the preconception of home depends on the way in which colonial hegemony appears. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to shed light on the latent circumstances which project onto this play, the inherent impetus of this binarism. The focus will be on Aidoo’s conceptualization of the African diaspora and how it has affected the cultural aspects of the Africans’ ways of life. To analyze these cultural issues, the methodology of this study utilizes the concept of transculturation. In essence, the concept of transculturation emphasizes a mix of two discrepant cultures. These cultures are different from each other yet similar in their sense of belonging to the homeland. This sense of belonging forges the reconciliation of two opposite ethnic races that belong to the same culture.  As such, the study highlights the African diaspora depicted in The Dilemma of a Ghost as the primal cause of this transculturation. Consequently, it explores the African diaspora that resulted from forced migration imposed upon diverse national ethnicities that chose to live together in one place - They mingle with each other in the host country, which exemplifies an utterly different cultural facet. To cope with cultural differences, they co-exist with each other by dint of transculturation.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the sociolinguistic functions expressed by the written messages on the tents and caravans' surfaces in Al-Zaatari Refugee Camp of Mafraq, Jordan from a sociolinguistic perspective. The study also attempts to find out the relationship between patriotism and graffiti writing in the refugee camp of Mafraq, particularly how the young male refugees practice graffiti writing to express their sense of patriotism towards their homeland, Syria. Methodology: To achieve the study objective, the researcher collected a set of (144) messages written on the tents and caravans' surfaces of the camp. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data has been carefully analyzed, classified regarding the sociolinguistic messages and in-depth discussed. A graffiti analysis can be an important means of understanding the linguistic, cultural and social milieu of a community. Main Findings: The study concludes that graffiti writing on the camp's tents and caravans is functional and a universal phenomenon reflecting ideology. The sociolinguistic function of expressing patriotism and homesickness towards Syria ranked first with a percentage of (80.7%). Tagging is mainly the most common form of graffiti writing and sometimes coupled with drawings. The word Syria is frequently used on most conceivable surfaces of the camp indicating patriotism and longing to their homeland. digs deep into the values and norms of the Jordanian society. To reveal the cultural specificity of such a social, psychological and linguistic phenomenon. Implications of this study: This paper contributes to the study of sociolinguistics by examining the use of language in the community, norms, and values of the society. It also contributes to other linguistic disciplines such as socio-pragmatics, discourse analysis, and stylistics by analyzing peoples’ writing on several surfaces. Novelty: No studies were conducted on writing on tents and caravans of Al-Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp of Mafraq even though this widespread phenomenon outspreads the surfaces of the camp. This study thus attempts to fill this gap in sociolinguistics.

The study aimed to identify swearing using body parts in the Jordanian setting as a social phenomenon used by male university students. The corpus of the study included (100) male university students. A socio-pragmatic approach was adopted to analyze the data. The study employed Simak Libat Cakap technique in addition to the qualitative method to analyze the data of the study. The analysis of data showed that the face was the most frequent body part used in swearing followed by the head. The main findings revealed that swearing is dominantly used to express a socio-pragmatic function of angriness, especially when swearers feel angry with their disputers. Swearing functions as a vehicle for releasing tension and anger and proved to be powerful in exchanging insults. The study concluded that swearers usually do not mean what they say. Swearing mostly includes non-literal meanings like idioms. Therefore, it should not be interpreted literally; otherwise, it will lose its connotative meaning.

Literature, culture, and language are associated with each other (Kahraman, 2016). The component of literature revealed common properties essential in the community and the way language is used to express cultural values, thoughts, behavior, feelings, opinions, and beliefs. Therefore, it is vitally important to include literature components into classroom teaching since it encourages more thoughtful and authentic language learning. This study aimed at analyzing the quantity of literature components in Action Pack Series (1-10) currently used at public schools in Jordan. To achieve the study objectives, a total of (50) male and female teachers of English answered a questionnaire devised for this purpose in addition to (15) supervisors of English were interviewed. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data has been carefully analyzed and revealed that a very limited number of literary texts were embedded in the current textbooks, and they were not distributed equally. The inclusion of literature components in APS (1-6) was completely marginalized. The study underlined the importance of including additional literary texts in Action Pack Series for a variety of benefits mentioned in the paper. The researchers recommended presenting a proper perspective by syllabus designers and methodologists to integrate adequate literature components in the prescribed textbooks.