Interaction between kaolin (particle size 53 and 106 μm) and urea was studied by infrared spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. Interaction was found to be dependent on the particle size of kaolin raw material. Nature of interaction achieved through the formation of hydrogen bonds between urea and both AlOH and Si-O surface of kaolinite. Effect of temperature on equilibrium adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution using kaolin also studied, the results were analyzed by Langmuir and frendlich isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were calculated. Results suggested that the MB adsorption on kaolin was spontaneous and exothermic process.

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Inductively coupled Plasma-Atomic Emmision Spectroscopy (ICPE-AES) was applied for the analysis of the soil of Fallujah city. The samples were taken from 50 different locations in the city and at the depths 20, 40 and 60 cm. No Cd ions were detected in the soil. Yet significant contamination was dtected with elements, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn and Cu. Fe concentration value was found to be less than the international average concentration value. The results showed a diffusion of the contaminating elements into the soil ( at 20, 40 and 60 cm) of the sampling locations