Workplace deviance among employees is one of the most prevalent issues faced by today's organizations globally. Many scholars are keen in studying this phenomenon of workplace deviance because of its high rate of occurrence and severe negative impact on organizations. Research supports the belief that workplace spirituality programs may result in encouraging positive outcomes and can benefit organizations with employees who are more principled, committed, productive, adaptive and innovative. Although, past studies on workplace deviance are well documented, providing an understanding as how situational or individual antecedents may lead to workplace deviance, the problem of workplace deviance remains. Particularly has not been studied from an Islamic perspective. Islam being a comprehensive religion and a complete code of life can provide a suitable solution to manage such an issue. Islamic Piety (Taqwa) is one the most important characteristic of a Muslim. Significantly Islamic spiritual and social responsibility both fall under the purview of Taqwa. An individual holding on to Islamic Piety (Taqwa) can showcase the best of his/her behavior. Therefore the current conceptual study intends to investigate the direct relationships between Taqwa and workplace deviance. In addition this study also proposes to investigate the moderating role of perceived organizational justice (a situational antecedent) between Taqwa and workplace deviance.

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an understanding of employee motivation from the Islamic perspective. The main objective of this paper is to understand Islamic motivation and to explore if Islamic spirituality, punishment and reward and justice motivate Muslim employees. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative research approach was used to understand and examine the views of the respondents. Semi-structured interviewing technique was adopted, and the respondents were asked to share their own thoughts and understanding for each question provided. A sample of 13 experienced academicians and practitioners from renowned private organizations and academic institutions from Malaysia and Pakistan were selected for the present study. Findings – The study found that the conventional viewpoint of motivation varies from Islamic viewpoint in regard to motivation of employees. And significantly, Islamic spirituality, reward and punishment, and justice act more compellingly in improving employee’s motivation. Originality/value – This paper clearly highlights that the Western viewpoint of employee motivation is different as compared to the Islamic perspective.

Purpose: The current study aims to examine the relationship between Islamic spirituality (IS), Islamic social responsibility (ISR) and workplace deviance (WD). Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 400 Muslim employees of 9 business groups in Pakistan from manufacturing and services industry. The structure equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses, and the proposed model was assessed through renowned model fit indices. Findings: The findings revealed that IS and ISR help curtail WD. The study also provides empirical support to the hypotheses that employees with high levels of IS and social responsibility will tend to avoid deviant behavior at workplace. Originality/value: This study proposed IS and ISR as two possible stimuli that can help reduce employee deviant behavior at workplace. The findings of the present study revealed that IS, as well as ISR, is inversely related to WD. The present results augmented the existing body of knowledge regarding workplace spirituality in the field of organization behavior and further enriched the WD theory by offering new empirical relationships from an Islamic perspective.

Deviant workplace behavior of employees is becoming a common problem in today’s organizations. The increasing deviance has an economic as well as social cost associated to it, which victimizes the organization and its stakeholders. This Study is an attempt to study workplace deviance in Muslim organizations. A sample of 10 respondents was selected, 8 males and 2 females. Most of them have long experience in management. They are from various industries such as, manufacturing, telecommunications, banking and education. The study found that workplace deviance is of great concern to all organizations, highlighting that injustice or perception of not being treated fairly does provoke employees to indulge in such deviant behaviors. And significantly that with the help improving spirituality among employees, organizations can overcomes the prevailing issue of workplace deviance