Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of musculoskeletal disorders which affect the muscles of mastication, the temporomandibular joints, and/or associated structures. 4 Studies demostrate several biopsychosocial factors associated with the risk of TMD pain. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Persistence of TMD pain is common; about one-third to half of TMD patients continue to suffer TMD pain after followup. [13][14][15] Thus, it is crucial to prevent acute TMD pain from becoming chronic, which is more challenging to treat.
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