The most popular form of treatment for end-stage renal illness is hemodialysis. Hemodialysis frequently causes muscle cramps and exhaustion, which negatively impact adolescents' activities, relationships, and treatment tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing intervention using reflexology massage on muscle cramps and fatigue among adolescents undergoing hemodialysis. It employed a quasi-experimental design. The study was conducted at Mansoura University Children's Hospital and New General Mansoura Hospital on a purposive sample of 48 adolescents on maintenance hemodialysis. A structured questionnaire sheet, cramps questionnaire and visual analog scale and pediatric quality of life inventory-multidimensional fatigue scale were used to collect data. Significant differences were found in muscle cramps and fatigue levels between pretest and post-test (p=0.000 for each). The use of reflexology massage for adolescents undergoing hemodialysis had a positive effect on muscle cramps and fatigue levels. There is a need for courses that give nurses the opportunity to become certified in reflexology, and reflexology massage should be used as the evidence-base for nursing practice with children receiving hemodialysis.

Congenital heart disease is a stressful and anxiety overwhelming experience for parents and their children, therefore nurses are pivotal in providing a comprehensive and evidence based strategies to reduce anxiety among parents and enhance their children' wellbeing. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of teaching sessions on anxiety level among mothers' caring children with congenital heart disease. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in paediatric cardiology department at Mansoura University Children's Hospital affiliated to Mansoura University. Sample: Purposive sample of forty mothers caring children from 3 months to 18 years with congenital heart disease. Tools of data collection: Three tools were used; first by Interview Questionnaire to gather data about characteristic of the study subjects, mothers' knowledge regarding congenital heart disease. Second; Mothers' reported practice sheet was designed by the researchers to assess mothers' reported practice regarding congenital heart disease. Third: Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale was used to assess the anxiety level of the studied mothers. Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference between the studied mothers' total knowledge and reported practice with positive correlation regarding congenital heart disease at pre and post teaching sessions. Also, there was highly significant negative correlation among mothers' knowledge, practice and anxiety level. Recommendations: The study recommended establishing programs, as mothers' support groups, to assist them overcome the adverse psychological effects of congenital heart disease.

Background: The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency and universal hazard. Governments have ordered all people to spend all their time at home and imposed school closures as an emergency measure. In such situations, physical and mental health problems are significant concerns. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate leisure time, physical activity, and psychological well-being among adolescents during COVID-19. Study design: A cross-sectional research design. Setting: The study was conducted in Dakahalia Governorate, Egypt. Sample: The study involved a convenience sample of 1200 adolescents through a validated self-administered online questionnaire. Tools: It included four parts; Part I: Characteristics of studied adolescents, Part II: leisure time questionnaire, Part III: Physical activity questionnaire, and Part IV: Psychological well-being scale.Results: 55.0% of the studied adolescents reported that relaxing activities were the type of activity that was practiced more habitually during leisure time. 59.80% of the studied adolescents had low physical activity. 64.9% of the studied adolescents had moderate psychological well-being. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between practicing the practical sport in leisure time and satisfaction with leisure time, physical activity, and psychological well-being among adolescents during COVID-19. Conclusion: The results from this study concluded that the studied adolescents do low physical activity without any satisfaction about leisure time which is reflected in their psychological well-being during COVID-19. Recommendations: Future research should replicate these analyses in a non-pandemic situation. It must focus on testing the longitudinal associations reported here in non-pandemic circumstances.

Background: To decrease neonatal morbidity and mortality, it is important to increase awareness about neonatal jaundice in high-risk primigravidas and develop a practical approach toward this. This study aimed to examine the effect of antenatal sessions on postnatal knowledge and practices regarding neonatal jaundice among high-risk primigravidas. Study design: A quasi-experimental, comparative study was utilized.

World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in 11th of March 2020. COVID-19 that disrupts Children’s growth and development, friendships, daily routines and has a negative consequence for their well-being, development and protection. About 1 in 3 children hospitalized with COVID-19 in the United States were admitted to the intensive care unit. Aim: The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of a comic story on children’s knowledge and hand washing practices about pandemic of COVID-19. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: Nour Al-Huda Charitable Society that caring males and females orphaned children in separate setting Sample: A convenient sample including all children in the orphanage, there was 41 children and their age range between 3 to less than 12 years. Tools of data collection: An interview questionnaire sheet as a tool one that had two parts first one concerned with sociodemographic data of children and second one assessed children’s knowledge about pandemic of COVID-19, an observational check list sheet as a tool two and had two parts; where part one assessed facilities required for applying precautionary measures inside the home, while part two assessed children’s hand washing practice inside the home. Results: there was a statistically significant differences between the total children’s knowledge regarding COVID-19 and total observed practice score regarding correct technique of hand washing pre/post comic story implementation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the implementation of a comic story had improved children’s total mean score of knowledge and hand washing practice regarding COVID-19 with statistically significant differences of both in relation to pre and post comic story implementation. Recommendations: The study recommended that to breakdown the ring of transmission of COVID-19; the collaboration between governmental and non-governmental agencies and stakeholders are main supporters for those children via appropriate  and friendly communication tools that improve their knowledge; practice and also providing those setting by funding and resources for applying precautionary measures of COVID-19 with periodical follow up for personals, setting, services and resources.