A study to investigate commonly grown vegetables, commonly used pesticides, and pesticide use practices was conducted in Kabale District, in southwestern Uganda. This is because indiscriminate pesticide use and poor application practices can leave pesticide residues in food rendering it unsafe for consumption. The study revealed extensive pesticide application in Brassica oleracea; var. capitata (cabbage), Brassica oleracea; var. botrytis (cauli ower), Solanum lycopersicum, (tomato) and Beta vulgaris (beet root). Information obtained using interviews revealed that 16.5% traders sell pesticides and 70% farmers spray pesticides on vegetables. Only 18% of farmers could interpret instructions correctly on a given pesticide container label. All farmers (100%) had never attended any pesticide use training. Cypermethrin, dimethoate, dichlorvos, metalaxyl, profenofos, malathion and mancozeb were common pesticides used in spraying vegetables however 42% of the farmers mixed different pesticides for use. Limited knowledge about pesticide application, inability to interpret instructions, non-observation of waiting period before harvesting, mixing pesticides and lack of training on pesticide use for farmers are potential risks to food safety. There is need to address knowledge gaps on safer pesticide application in order to attain safe agricultural productivity for sustainable food security, human health and community development in Kabale District, Uganda. 1.0 Introduction Rapid human population growth has increased food demand worldwide (
Research is sparse regarding gender and racial differences in food addiction symptoms and the influence of emotions and social situations on overeating. This study examined undergraduates' internal and external triggers on the decision to overeat and also food dependence scores using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. A paper-pencil survey was distributed to a convenience sample of 301 undergraduates. Participants (n = 284) were mostly female (70.42%) and race was reported as White (77.82%) and African American (22.18%). The General Linear Model Analysis of Variance was used to adjust for gender, race, and Body Mass Index [BMI]. For total food addiction symptom scores, significant differences were found by race with African Americans having higher scores (i.e.: more food dependence) (M = 2.36) than Whites (M = 1.90, p < .05). Gender was significant for body size satisfaction as females reported less satisfaction (M = 2.40) than males (M = -.097, p < .001). Females were more likely to report depression (Male: M =1.36; Female: M = 1.75, p < .05), stress (Male: M = 1.59, Female: M = 2.18, p < .001) and anxiety (Male: M = 1.40; Female: M = 1.75, p < .05) influenced overeating compared to males. Understanding gender, racial, social, and emotional cues that influence overeating may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of excessive food consumption.
This study was conducted to clarify the impact of Khat chewing on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy of Yemeni women.Khat chewing during pregnancy can affect maternal health with a damaging effect on the baby's health and wellbeing. This study was conducted to clarify the impact of Khat chewing on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy of Yemeni women.This prospective study enrolled 60 regular Khat chewing pregnant women and 120 non-Khat chewing pregnant women, selected from those attended with singleton pregnancy in their first or second trimester from the ANC unit of AL-Gamhouri Teaching Hospital in Taiz (Republic of Yemen).Khat chewer pregnant women were having statistically significant risk of 6 times for preterm labor, 3.83 times for labor induction and statistically insignificant risk of 4.10 times for preeclampsia, 2.78 for blood transfusion and fetal distress, 2.05 for PROM, 2.03 for PPH and perineal tears and 2.02 for IUFD. There is significant lower mean hemoglobin concentration at delivery when compared with the control.Khat chewer pregnant women were having statistically significant risk of 6.56 times for breech presentation; 8.94 times to deliver fetuses with low birth weight (<2500 gm); 6.0 times for neonatal admission to the ICU and statistically insignificant risk of 3.54 times for perinatal mortality and 2.02 times for congenital malformations.This study concluded that Khat chewing is globally associated with a negative impact on maternal and fetal wellbeing. Citation: Abdel-Aleem, M., et al. Khat chewing during pregnancy: An insight on an ancient problem. Impact of chewing Khat on maternal and fetal outcome among Yemeni pregnant women (2015) J Gynecol Neonatal Biol 1(2): 28-31.
Paper currencies could be one of the most potential vehicles to transmit diseases amongst the people. The daily transactions have made the paper currency to pass through many hands and pathogens become imposed on them before they are finally deposited in banks. Modern scientific studies have confirmed the presence of various pathogenic bacteria on paper currencies. Amongst others, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sps, Citrobacter sps, Mycobacterium leprae, Shigella sps, Streptococcus sps, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella sps and Escherichia coli were the dominant contaminants of paper currency samples. Furthermore, researches have also shown that paper currencies could be contaminated by several fungal pathogens like Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus sps, Penicillium sps, Candida sps, Trichoderma sps, Trichoderma viride, Alternaria tenuis A. paraticus, Sporotrichum sps and Fusarium sps. Besides, several studies revealed that, paper moneys were also contaminated by parasitic species of different helminthes that include parasitic nematodes and tapeworm like Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Dipylidium caninum. Therefore, paper currency is generally contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms and this contamination may play a significant role in the transmission of potentially harmful microorganisms that are resistant to commonly used antibiotics and therefore represents risks and public health hazards to the community and individuals handling paper currencies. So, there needs frequent awareness development efforts to improve the poor hygienic practices being exercised while handling paper currencies.
Microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis was reported as one of the major producers of astaxanthin. Light stress was applied to enhance the astaxanthin content in H. pluvialis. H. pluvialis was cultivated in BG-11 medium for 12 days under irradiation of white plasma light, blue LED light and red LED light. Two-stage cultivation was applied by exposing H. pluvialis under low light intensity first, then further to nitrogen starvation and high light intensity for 3 days. The results of green stage indicated that white plasma with 24:0 light/dark (L/D) cycle was the best condition for cell growth with maximum cell density (8.58 ± 0.452 x 10 5 cells/ml) and specific growth rate (0.365 ± 0.004 day-1). After 3-day stress condition with high light intensity and nitrogen starvation, white plasma with 24: 0 L/D cycle was the best condition for lipid (0.055 ± 0.002 g/L) and astaxanthin production (0.049 ± 0.001 g/L). The lowest production cost for producing 1 g of lipid and astaxanthin was under red LED light with 24:0 L/D cycle.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.