The study aimed at reporting the perception and usage of community resources by Social Studies and Civic Education teachers in Delta State, South South, Nigeria. Two research questions and one hypothesis were raised to give the study a direction. A sample of 196 out of a population of 656 Social Studies and Civic Education teachers was used for this study. Instrumentation was done with researcher’s designed questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.89. Data was analyzed with percentage for research questions and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis of the study. Findings of the study demonstrated that Social Studies and Civic Education teachers of public schools in Delta State perceive the use of community resources to be high for effective teaching but usage of the resources was relatively low. Hence the study concluded by recommending that spirited effort be made by all the stakeholders involved to employ the judicious use of community resources for Social Studies and Civic Education instructions in secondary schools of Delta State.

Introducing Information Communication Technology (ICT) resources and skills to Social Studies as instructional materials and aids can provide an accessible and flexible Social Studies education at the primary and secondary school levels in Delta State. Hence the aims of this study were to consider various ICT resources that can be harnessed and used by Social Studies teachers for social studies instructions; outline the benefits of ICT to students and teachers of Social Studies and identify the challenges affecting its usage for Social Studies instructions in Delta State. The study employed the survey research design, a sample of sixty (60) Social Studies teachers from six primaries and six Junior Secondary Schools selected randomly from six Local Government Areas of the state. The main instrument for data collection was a well- structured questionnaire designed to obtain data and centered around the main objectives of the study. Sixty (60) copies of the questionnaire were distributed and sixty (60) copies were retrieved and used for data analysis. While data gathered were analyzed using statistical tools of mean and percentages. The result revealed that ICT resources and skills such as android phones, internet browsing, power point projection, virtual learning and computers assist in teaching Social Studies concepts. Secondly, the study revealed that ICT skills and facilities contribute meaningfully to Social Studies instructions when used by teachers, students will derive holistic knowledge when taught with ICT tools. Meanwhile the findings showed that there exist many setbacks and challenges in ICT usage such as funding, capacity building and lack of electricity supply amongst others. Based on these findings, one of the recommendations made was that stakeholders in the education sector both government and private organizations, should be concerned with the provision of ICT facilities in primary and junior secondary schools across Delta State.

The application of instructional media resources for Social Studies instructions can offer a clear departure from traditional mode of teaching resources, methods and strategies. Hence this study looked at how the symbol system theory can be used as a basis for the application of instructional media to enhance social studies students’ learning outcome. The research design for the study was quasi experimental. Random sampling technique was applied in selecting 30 Junior Secondary school students from a population of 150 in Covenant school Eku in Delta State of Nigeria. Researchers developed test titled “Instructional Media Performance Test (IMPT)”, was the instrument of data collection. The reliability of the instrument using Cronbach alpha was 0.79, t-test was used to test the two hypotheses of the study. The findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the pre-tests given to the students in both treatment and control groups as calculated value of 4.04 was lesser than table value of 5.09; also there is a positive and significant influence of instructional media (television) on the learning outcome of Junior Secondary Students in social studies as calculated value of 5.68 is higher than table value of 4.09. To this end, the study suggested that social studies teachers should incorporate instructional media (television) where necessary to achieve optimum learning objective, goals and heighten the learning outcome of Junior Secondary School students in social studies.

The use of innovative and advance resources like those of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to for Social Studies can aid the actualization of the aims and objectives of Social Studies education in Nigeria. This theoretical paper pointed out the fact that Geographical Information Systems can be used to achieve quality Social Studies education in Nigeria through exploring available literature to provide a good understanding of the topic under review. The paper adopted an analytical approach through extensive review of literature around the major variables which are Geographical Information Systems and Social Studies. It further discussed the relationship between Social Studies and Geographical Information Systems as well as the benefits which will be accrued to both learners and educators of Social Studies by using them as instructional references for Social Studies lessons. The paper concluded by explaining the benefits of applying Geographical Information Systems resources to Social Studies. These benefits include providing students with visual learning of Social Studies; studying the major themes of Social Studies through a spatial perspective; using stored information for education and applying technology to educational processes as it concerns learning in Social Studies.