The change in the learning environment as what happen ed in the aftermath of COVID 19 pandemic can lead to learners’ demotivation. The present study aims to analyze how COVID 19 pandemic can affect the differences in demotivation factors of a group of EFL learners. Therefore, a set of questionnaires were distributed before and during COVID19 pandemic. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain deeper insights on the matter. The results suggest significant differences in demotivational factors that affect the respondents before and after COVID19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, inadequate school facilities were the most demotivating factor. After the pandemic, test scores become the most demotivating factor among the respondents. However, teachers’' related factors and learning materials still relatively affect the respondents after the pandemic. Besides, online learning was found to be one of the demotivational factors among the respondents as they feel deprived from real life inter-action and burdened with lack of stable internet connection and suitable gadgets for online learning. The results suggest that changing the learning environment can affect learners’ demotivation and motivation. Thus, it seems imperative for the teachers to be able to adapt their approach and materials to suit changing conditions especially during the pandemicAbstrak: Perubahan lingkungan belajar yang terjadi pasca pandemi COVID 19 dapat menyebabkan penurunan motivasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pandemi COVID 19 dapat mempengaruhi perbedaan faktor demotivasi pada kelompok peserta didik EFL. Oleh karena itu, serangkaian kuesioner dibagikan sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID19. Selain itu, wawancara semi-terstruktur dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang masalah tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada faktor demotivasi yang mempengaruhi responden sebelum dan sesudah pandemi COVID19. Sebelum pandemi, fasilitas sekolah yang tidak memadai merupakan faktor yang paling menurunkan motivasi. Setelah pandemi, skor tes menjadi faktor yang paling mendemotivasi responden. Namun, faktor guru dan materi pembelajaran masih relatif mempengaruhi responden setelah pandemi. Selain itu, pembelajaran online ditemukan sebagai salah satu faktor demotivasi di kalangan responden karena mereka merasa kehilangan interaksi di kehidupan nyata dan dibebani dengan kurangnya koneksi internet yang stabil dan gadget yang sesuai untuk pembelajaran online. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mengubah lingkungan belajar dapat mempengaruhi motivasi dan motivasi peserta didik. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting bagi para guru untuk dapat menyesuaikan pendekatan dan materi mereka agar sesuai dengan kondisi yang berubah terutama selama pandemi
There is a long history of the development and research of Japanese language. Morita (1990:282) divided the development of Japanese language into seven periods: Kodai (13000BC–600AD), Jodai (600-784), Chuuko (784- 1184), Chuusei (1184-1603), Kinsei (1603-1867),Kindai (1868-1945), and Gendai (1946-1989). On the other hand, Hibatani (1996) indicatedfive periods of Japanese language development: Nara (710) Jouko Nihongo’Old Japanese’,Heian (794) Chuuko Nihongo’ Late Old Japanese’, Kamakura (1185/1192), Muromachi[1331/1392] ) Chuusei Nihongo’Middle Japanese’, Edo (1603) Kinsei Nihongo’ or EarlyModern Japanese’, and Meiji (1868), Taisho (1912), Showa (1926), Heisei (1989) - GendaiNihongo as ’Modern Japanese’. The present study aims to identify the development as well asstudies of Japanese language from old to modern period. Thus, the present study aims todiscuss the birth of Japanese language from the adoption of the Chinese language of kanbunand kanji by the Buddhist monks, the research of writings from Nara period in which thereading of Japanese language was started, bushu ‘radical’, sound, as well as the meaning ofKanji and the research toward koten-kogo that delivered the change in phoneme, joshi(kantou joshi), and prefix. In addition, there is a discussion toward the birth of waka danrenga lahir te, ni o, ha in Kanazukai’s study which became a milestone for grammar andphoneme change.
Kemampuan memahami budaya merupakan modal berharga agar dapat berinteraksi dan beradaptasi dengan komunitas masyarakat tersebut. Kegiatan berupa pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang budaya kerja masyarakat Jepang kepada siswa/I SMK Yadika 13 Kabupaten Bekasi. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh siswa/I dari empat jurusan yang berbeda, di antaranya: (1) Jurusan Teknik Komputer Jaringan (TKJ), Jurusan Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomatis (TKRO), Jurusan Otomatisasi Tata Kelola Perkantoran (OTKP), dan Jurusan Akuntansi Keuangan Lembaga (AKL). Metode yang digunakan antara lain: (1) materi tentang budaya kerja di perusahaan Jepang, (2) serba serbi Jepang, dan (3) kesempatan bekerja di Jepang. Hasil dari kegiatan ini tampak pada munculnya antusiasme siswa SMK Yadika 13 untuk bekerja di perusahaan Jepang yang ada di Indonesia maupun bekerja di Jepang. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga berdampak pada munculnya minat siswa untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi yang berhubungan dengan Jepang.
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