Results: HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria is currently a mixed epidemic perceived and understood differently across the country. Variables that shape the epidemiology include stigma, inaccurate knowledge about HIV/AIDS, cultural norms, religion, gender, poor risk perception, poverty and the lack of a robust and well organised response. Gender (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.02, p-value < 0.00001) and history of sexually transmitted infections (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.99 to 2.41, p-value < 0.00001) were significantly associated with increased risk for HIV/AIDS. Conclusion:There is need for evidence based and focused public policies as well as robust and comprehensive intervention approaches in Nigeria. In addition, HIV/AIDS research in Nigeria should be targeted at unravelling the mechanisms through which risk factors work to produce increased HIV/AIDS prevalence.