This research aimed to prepare (Fe-Ni) alloy by powder technology method for its technological and commercial importance. Iron and Nickel powders were tacking then their powders mixed and blended together with percent (63% Fe-37% Ni), then the powders compacted isostatic cold pressure at (6 ton). Laser surface treatment was done for the samples with different energies (0, 200, 260, 300) mJ and pulse time (10 sec) At a distance (100 cm). The X-ray diffractions test indicated that all samples have Face Center Cubic (F.C.C), and the samples at 300 mJ has best properties which include increase of phases intensity and decrease of grain size according to Debye-Scherrer equation. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) also shows better properties with increase laser energy. Where increased soft-ness of surface, homogeneity surface and decrease in grain size with increase laser energy. The laser analysis resulted that melting all surface molecules which led to improvement in the structural properties.

In this research, an alloy with a nanostructure was prepared using a metallurgical technique. To prepare an ideal alloy, three nanoscale powders were used (70 percent Ni, 25 percent Cu, and 5 percent V). The dried alloy was stored under 8 Tons of cold pressing at 80°C for 30 minutes. After that, a surface treatment of the prepared alloys with different laser energies (0, 200, 260, 300) mJ was carried out with a pulse time (10 seconds) at a distance of (100 cm). and hardness (Rockwell method) is studied. By immersing samples in a solution (3.5 percent NaCl) for different periods (3, 5, 7, 9, 11) days, the effect of laser surface treatment on the corrosion resistance of the alloy was investigated. Results show that porosity, water absorption ratio decreases after laser surface treatment with rising hardness values. Additionally, the wear resistance decreases as laser energy increases. Atomic force microscope images show that grain sizes increase as laser energy increases, and by increasing the laser energy, the surface of the nanoparticles is more homogeneous. Easy architecture and high nanostructure alloy consistency play a key role in improving the mechanical and physical properties.

In this research, the more important spectral properties of vibration HSiI3 molecule have been studied and calculated by using the semi-empirical theoretical program (HyperChem) method (MNDO-PM3) (Use the RHF wave function for close - shell systems, the spins are paired). The calculated vibration modes for Triiodosilane (SiHI3) were nine modes in the region (63-1815) cm−1, which is located in the far and middle infrared region. Total energy, dipole moment, energy gap, Core-core repulsion, Ionization potential and electron affinity (E.A.) have been calculated. Other properties are also plotted in two and three dimensions, such as electrostatic potential and charge density. In addition, the values of the occupied and unoccupied molecular orbitals were calculated.

This research aimed to prepare iron-nickel alloys via powder technology, because this technology has its physical and commercial importance. Fe and Ni powders were blended into a mixture that was 63% Fe and 37% Ni and then compacted under 6 tons of isostatic cold pressure. Iron and nickel powders were used as tacking mixed together (63% of iron and 37% of nickel), and then compacted isostatic cold pressure at 6 tons. Laser surface treatment was done to samples with different energies (0, 200, 260, and 300 mJ) at a pulse time of 10 seconds and a distance of 100 cm. The x-ray diffraction test indicated that all samples had face-centered cubic, and according to the Debye-Scherrer equation. the 300 mJ sample had the best properties, including increased phase intensity and decreased grain size. The atomic force microsope showed that increasing laser energy also decreased grain size and increased surface softness and homogeneity. laser treatment results indicated an improved in structural properties with increased laser energy, Laser analysis revealed that melting all surface molecules improved structural properties. Specifically, the last treatment (300 mJ) acheaved the best structural properties of the alloy.

Nuclear waste in Iraq has three major sources; spent nuclear fuel from the old Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization in Al-Twitha site, waste from radioactive isotopes used in medicine and waste generated by the nuclear weapons used in the war against Iraq in 2003. These waste need to storage until becomes safety. Therefore in this study nuclear wastes (strontium oxides) were stored by vitrification methods in two types of borosilicate glass (glass and glass-ceramics) and the effect of beta ray on the immobilized waste was done. Then the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of borosilicate glass contain strontium oxide before and after irradiated by beta ray were investigated. It found that the leaching was not affected by beta-ray and neutrons.