The role of hysteroscopy in cases of chronic or subclinical endometritis remains uncertain. Reevaluating the clinical relevance of diagnostic hysteroscopic in these cases will improve the level of case in women's health worldwide. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the suitability of hysteroscopy in detecting and diagnosing female patients with chronic or subclinical endometritis, as a first‐line diagnostic tool. For this systematic review, five major search engines PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, as well as ResearchGate were searched using MeSH (medical subject headings) without language or year restrictions up to November 2019. All types of scientific papers were taken into consideration, with a priority to randomized control trials enrolling women with chronic or subclinical endometritis and compared with standard diagnostic tools such as histology or immunohistochemistry, in order to ensure the efficacy of the method. Risk of bias was assessed using the recommended Cochrane Collaboration criteria. In order to gather more information and data, we have decided to include all the scientific evidence regardless of study design. Data collection and analysis were performed according to PRISMA protocol. Hysteroscopy is an important diagnostic tool in cases of endometritis when accompanied by endometrial samples assessment techniques. In cases of high suspicion endometritis facilitates greater diagnostic accuracy. Hysteroscopy facilitates also the assessment of antibiotic administration efficacy in cases of confirmed endometritis. Micropolyposis, stromal edema or congestion, diffuse or focal hyperemia are the dominant hysteroscopic features that are considered by most studies as suggestive of chronic or subclinical endometritis. The heterogeneity of the included studies presents a high risk of bias as assessed according to Cochrane Collaboration criteria. Hysteroscopy is not suitable as a first‐line diagnostic tool in cases of chronic or subclinical endometritis. Further randomized controlled trials need to be conducted in order to define the role of hysteroscopy as a first‐line diagnostic tool in cases of chronic or subclinical endometritis.

No abstract

No abstract

Objective Nowadays, smartphones are becoming an indispensable tool due to the popular use of useful applications (apps) that can be downloaded and installed to aid our everyday lives. The quantity of apps manifested as tools for mobile health (mHealth) is undoubtedly high. The mHealth apps are very popular and cover various and different aspects of health. The first app for women in menopause was presented in 2014. Since then, more apps have been developed. The aim of this study is to identify mHealth apps that address the menopause with a focused view on the degree of medical professional involvement and documented evidence base practice in their design, as well as, underline their potential role in raising awareness regarding health in the community. Methods The official app stores by Google, Apple, Windows and Blackberry were chosen to pool the apps. The keywords used were ‘apps for menopause’, ‘women in menopause’ and ‘menopause’. Eligible apps were selected based on the target consumer, each app’s price, documentation of evidence base practice and documentation of medical professional involvement. Results This search revealed 35 relevant apps, of which 10 were excluded as they were identified as duplicates available for download by more than one app store. Authors excluded also further three mHealth apps, since they were not written in English, and the assessment was difficult due to the language barrier. A total of 22 mHealth menopause apps were included in this study. Medical professional involvement was noted in 27.3% of the mHealth menopause apps, and 22.7% of the total apps used evidence-based information. The mHealth menopause apps were free of charge in 86.4%. Ninety-one percent of the apps were designed for the consumers, while only 9% of them were suitable for medical professionals. Conclusions In conclusion, there is a need to improve the mHealth apps available for menopause, by including more medical staff in their development and by establishing clear regulation around the development and the context of an mHealth app.

Background: In Greece the population-level impact of HPV vaccination is unknown due to lack of official registries. This study presents in a pragmatic frame the comparison of cervical pathology data between HPVvaccinated and unvaccinated women referred for colposcopy. Patients and Methods: This is an observational prospective cohort study performed in 7 academic Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments across Greece between 2009-2019. Cases were women that had completed HPV vaccination before coitarche and were referred for colposcopy due to abnormal cytology. For each vaccinated woman an unvaccinated matched control was selected. Results: A total of 849 women who had been vaccinated before coitarche and 849 unvaccinated controls were recruited. The combination of cytological, colposcopic and molecular findings necessitated treatment in only a single case among vaccinated (0.1%) and in 8.4% among unvaccinated. Conclusion: HPV vaccination at a proper age can markedly reduce development of severe cervical precancers and consequently the need for treatment, as well as their long-term related obstetrical morbidity.