Water quality refers to the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water, and it is a measure of the condition of water relative to any human need or purpose. A particular problem with measuring the condition of water quality at drinking water reservoirs is the requirement of collecting a large number of samples. To handle this problem, we focus on the practical use of two different portable and low-cost approaches for continuous monitoring of water quality: miniboats loaded with sondes with probes and wireless sensor network-(WSN-) based monitoring system. These approaches bring several advantages over traditional monitoring systems in terms of cost, portability, and applicability. Our simulation studies show that these systems can be used to monitor water quality at drinking water reservoirs such as dams and holding ponds. Field tests to prove the effectiveness of the proposed systems are in progress.

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Water is essential for life. Considering its importance for humans, it must be periodically analyzed to ensure its quality. In this study, a wireless water quality network is deployed to collect water quality parameters periodically and an artificial neural network-based estimation method is proposed to estimate groundwater quality. Estimating groundwater quality enables the authorities to take immediate actions for ensuring water quality. Compared to traditional water quality analysis methods, the proposed method has the advantage of letting the authorities know the quality of their water resources beforehand. A set of simulation studies given in this paper proves the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

The aim of this research was to investigate the concentrations of the heavy metals (copper, iron, zinc, chromium, cadmium and lead) and determine their relationship between pH and EC in the east of Ergene Basin, Turkey. For this purpose 18 groundwater samples were collected in May 2013. Results show that mean concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb were, 0.005, 0.012, 0.083, 0.016, 0.000 and 0.0006 mg L(-1) respectively, with the decreasing sequence of Zn > Cr > Fe > Cu > Pb > Cd. No significant correlations were found among metals. Only moderate positive correlation was determined between Pb and pH (r = 0.451; p < 0.05). All metal pollutants studied in the groundwater were below international and national guidelines except Cr.