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The speech is that of a 25 year old native of Istanbul. This variety of the language is considered standard; most educated speakers of Turkish are familiar with this pronunciation as well as a regional variety. Consonants Plosive and Affricate Nasal Fricative Tap Approximant Lateral Approx. Bilabial 'wire' 'pierce' 'horseshoe' 'vote' 'rap' 'membrane' 'pine' 'glass' 'servant' 'tulip' c car 'profit' j jem 'bit (for a horse)' k kar 'snow' g gam 'grief Y day [da:] 'mountain' h her 'every' j jer 'place'

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